Decree No. 48 / 1982 Coll.
Order of the Czech Labour Safety Authority laying down essential requirements for ensuring safety of work and technical equipment
Valid
Effective from 01.07.1982
Contents
PRVNÍ ČÁST
První oddíl
§ 1
ČTVRTÁ ČÁST
První oddíl
§ 54
§ 55
§ 56
§ 57
§ 58
§ 59
§ 60
§ 61
§ 62
Druhý oddíl
§ 63
§ 64
§ 65
§ 66
§ 67
§ 68
§ 69
§ 70
Třetí oddíl
§ 71
§ 72
§ 73
§ 74
§ 75
§ 76
§ 77
§ 78
§ 79
§ 80
§ 81
§ 82
§ 83
§ 84
§ 85
Čtvrtý oddíl
§ 86
§ 87
Pátý oddíl
§ 88
§ 89
§ 90
§ 91
Šestý oddíl
§ 92
§ 93
Sedmý oddíl
§ 94
Osmý oddíl
§ 95
§ 96
§ 97
§ 98
Devátý oddíl
§ 99
§ 100
§ 101
§ 102
§ 103
§ 104
§ 105
§ 106
Desátý oddíl
§ 107
§ 108
§ 109
Jedenáctý oddíl
§ 110
§ 111
§ 112
§ 113
§ 114
§ 115
§ 116
§ 117
Dvanáctý oddíl
§ 118
§ 119
§ 120
Třináctý oddíl
§ 121
§ 122
§ 123
§ 124
§ 125
§ 126
§ 127
§ 128
Čtrnáctý oddíl
§ 129
§ 130
§ 131
§ 132
§ 133
§ 134
Patnáctý oddíl
§ 135
Šestnáctý oddíl
§ 136
§ 137
Sedmnáctý oddíl
§ 138
§ 139
§ 140
§ 141
Osmnáctý oddíl
§ 142
OSMÁ ČÁST
§ 175
§ 176
§ 177
§ 178
DESÁTÁ ČÁST
§ 187
§ 188
§ 189
§ 190
§ 191
§ 192
§ 193
DVANÁCTÁ ČÁST
§ 200
§ 201
§ 202
§ 203
§ 204
§ 205
§ 206
ČTRNÁCTÁ ČÁST
§ 237
§ 238
§ 239
§ 240
PATNÁCTÁ ČÁST
§ 242
§ 243
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48
DECLARATION
Czech Labour Safety Authority
of 15 April 1982
laying down essential requirements to ensure safety of work and technical equipment
The Czech Labour Safety Authority provides pursuant to § 5 (1) (d) of Act No. 174 / 1968 Coll., on State Professional Safety Supervision, in agreement with the Czech Trade Union Council and the relevant central authorities:
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Scope
(1) The Decree sets out the essential requirements for ensuring the safety of work and technical equipment which organisations under the supervision of national professional safety oversight bodies and legal and natural persons engaged in business activities under the Specific Regulations (6) (hereinafter referred to as "organisations") are required to ensure in their production and non-production activities.
(2) The Decree does not apply to products designated for conformity assessment under the Specific Law (1) and the Government Regulation (2), and to activities, workplaces and technical installations subject to the special rules of supervision of the authorities of the State Mining Administration (3), to technical equipment subject to the special rules of supervision of the authorities on the section of national defence, transport and communications and to selected buildings of the ministers.4)
ADJUSTMENT AND PROCESSING OF MATERIALS
Machine tools for working metal
Common provisions
(1) Rotating clamping devices and tools used in particle metal machining machines must be such that their self-release does not occur during braking or otherwise.
(2) Pneumatic, hydraulic or electromagnetic clamping devices must be fitted with a protective device which makes it impossible to endanger the safety of work or an operational accident when the energy supply is interrupted.
(3) Hand controls - if they are not made up of smooth, full, hand-operated wheels without handles - must be provided with automatic shut-off devices to prevent their forced turning on the machinery.
(4) The clamping and scanning of preparations, instruments, tools and workpieces which do not allow safe handling and installation in the machine for their mass, shape or dimensions shall be ensured either by the use of suitable handling equipment or by another person.
(5) Air pistols used to clean machines and workpieces and fixtures shall be equipped with a protective device to prevent injury to the worker by the draining agents.
(6) Access to the clamping surface of a table, plate or other hazardous space when machining large workpieces for the purpose of measuring, checking or performing other similar operations shall be permitted only if these parts of the machine are at rest.
(7) When the surface quality is checked, the workpiece and measurement are fastened and taken, if these activities are not carried out automatically, the spindle (shear) must be stopped and the tool moved to a safe distance.
(8) If the machine tool is not equipped with a safety device against splinters leaving, or if it is not possible to use it, personal protective equipment shall be used at work.
(9) For removal of chips from the machine tools in service and cleaning, the prescribed workpieces shall be used; the removal of splinters from collection vans during the operation of machine tools shall be permitted only for machines which are adapted for this purpose.
Lathes
(1) The rod material protruding from the spindle outside the machine shall be covered throughout the length with a rigid protective cover.
(2) The vertical lathes shall be so secured that:
(a) the workpiece clamping device has a safety device which prevents the clamping elements from being thrown out;
(b) the release device for the permanent operation of the clamping plate, which is introduced into the floor, can be secured against accidental entry into operation.
Grinders
The milling machines shall be provided with an easy-to-control protective cover to prevent access to the part of the tool which does not affect the workpiece or the housing preventing access to the hazardous working space of the machine.
Drills
(1) Slide spindle drills shall be secured against the spontaneous displacement of the spindle to the lower position.
(2) The drilled item must be secured against rotation.
Hobbs and spindles
(1) Hobbs must be provided with a safety device which, when the returnees fail, captures end-switches or similar devices, or at least stops the table leaving the bed.
(2) If the shavings table passes over the edge of the bed while working, the two ends of the bed shall be provided with a device to prevent access to the table.
(3) The slide must be so secured that it can be reliably stopped by the control and braking devices in any position and that its position cannot change spontaneously.
(4) Horizontal inverters shall be provided with a device to prevent access to the moving rear part of the slide.
Saw blades
(1) All saws shall be provided with an easily adjustable support to support the long cut material.
(2) saw and saw blades must be closed in the machine construction or fitted with protective guards.
Grinders
(1) The purpose of turning the grinding tool shall be permanently marked in an appropriate place of the grinder.
(2) The grinding spindle shall be fitted with a locking device which prevents the inclusion of such high speeds when the grinding spindle speed is changed and would exceed the maximum permissible speed of the grinding disc.
(3) Grinders for which the locking device cannot be used and for which the change in the speed of the grinding spindle is carried out by changing pulleys, throwing belts or similar means, shall be labelled in a clearly visible place indicating that the pulley diameter is assigned to the grinding disc diameter and its circumferential speed.
(4) The grinding tools shall be secured against spontaneous release when grinding from spindle or clamping device.
(5) Grinders with cutting tools of artificial abrasives with a circumferential speed greater than 10 m / s must be provided if the grinding tool does not operate within the machined article, with a protective cover which does not break when the grinding tool is torn or released.
Grinding tools of artificial abrasives
(1) Grinding and cutting discs, grinding segments, bodies and other grinding tools must be marked with basic technical data (e.g. permissible circumferential speed, disc diameter).
(2) The stored grinding tools shall be protected against mechanical damage, moisture and frost and the possibility of damage during transport shall be excluded.
(3) Before clamping the sharpening tool, the suitability of its use shall be checked by label and the tool shall be checked for damage.
(4) Grinding tools may only be clamped into suitable clamping flanges and may only be glued in the manner specified by the abrasive manufacturer.
(5) After clamping the grinding tool on the grinder, each tool shall be operated in the test run; in the test run, no one shall be in the hazardous area of the grinders and the grinding tool shall be levelled at the end of the test run in the prescribed manner.
Speed grinding
(1) For grinding discs intended for speed grinding, their mechanical strength must be tested.
(2) The protective cover of grinding tools must be so constructed that the angle of opening is as small as possible and that its construction allows the complete closure of the grinding tool during the test period.
(3) The function and effectiveness of the prototype of the protective cover and its components must be verified by destructive tests.
(4) The maximum working circumference speed shall be permanently indicated on the protective housing or on the sharpening spindle.
(5) The adjusting and fixing parts of the protective caps for large kinetic energy grinding tools shall be provided with deformation elements which absorb the energy of the rotating grinding tool.
Manufacture of wood
Common provisions
(1) Mobile machinery and equipment must be secured against undesirable movement during their operation.
(2) In the case of combined machinery, unused tools must be removed or covered.
(3) The material shall not be attached to the tool before the tool has reached the specified machining speed; the machined material must not be pushed directly to the tool by the body.
(4) The cutting of material and cutting of cylindrical material shall not take place without the use of specified workpieces or preparations.
(5) The sawdust, chips and other waste must only be removed from the machine table when the tool is running with an appropriate device.
(6) When machining material longer than the working table length, it shall not be operated without support stands.
(7) The period of turning tools shall not be shortened when the machine is switched off by braking by hand, pressure of wood or by any other inappropriate method.
(8) As long as the tool is in motion, the worker must not leave the machine.
(9) Stationary machines permanently used in enclosed spaces shall be fitted with exhaust or mechanical disposal equipment.
(10) Each cutting tool shall be permanently marked with its highest permitted speed.
(11) The clamping flanges for one saw disc shall have the same diameter and the same seating surface.
(12) Machines with material displacement shall have a device to prevent the hazardous dissipation of the machined material (roll back, etc.).
(13) The guide ruler must be clamped when cutting.
(14) The cutting tools for which the material is moved by hand shall be protected in addition to the active part by a protective cover.
Frame saws
(1) Frame saws must be fitted with a frame-locking device before self-degrading.
(2) The frame saw brake shall be so designed as to keep the frame in any position.
(3) The service equipment of the frame saw shall be such that it is possible to stop the service while the saw is running and to switch back on.
(4) The fasteners shall be equipped with a device to prevent the worker from slipping his feet under the wheels or platform.
(5) The control of all operations performed by semi-automatic unmanned carriages shall be adjusted to be lockable by a manually operated device.
(6) When the wedges come out of the hinges, the wedges must be securely captured.
(7) Before changing the saw blades, the saw frame must be secured against the run and the drive stopped; The upper cylinders shall be secured in the upper position against falling during this operation.
Belt saws
(1) Belt saws must be covered; the part of the saw band under the table or cart and the reversible part of the saw band, if not covered by the machine structure, shall be provided with a protective cover.
(2) The cutting branch of the saw band shall be covered by a protective cover over its leash, which can be manually converted or opened automatically.
(3) Universal belt saws shall be provided with a adjustable guide ruler which shall be secured against displacement in the adjusted position.
(4) The working area of the saw band shall not include the material in the preparations and the workpieces shall not be removed manually.
Circular saws
(1) The length of the table in front of the saw saw shall not be less than the diameter of the saw blade used but not more than 0,5 m in the case of fixed saws
(2) The table shall be equipped with a replaceable insert of suitable material which does not damage the blade and the width of which corresponds to the cutting of the blade.
(3) The shoulder of the cutting saw on which the saw moves shall have, in the extreme position of the stop to prevent the sawing of the saw from the running track and in the basic position, a stop against spontaneous movement. These saws shall not be used for longitudinal cutting of workpieces.
(4) The saw blade on the saw balance for cutting shall have a protective cover from which only part of the saw disc needed for cutting is removed when the balance is folded.
(5) The saw blade of the upper shuttle and the gavel saw saw shall be secured with a double protective cover, the upper rigid part of which shall cover the whole upper part of the saw blade and the lower part of it shall prevent access to the front part of the saw blade; in the rear starting position, the blade shall be secured from both sides by walls fixed to the table of the saw.
(6) The saw blade at the top of the pendulum and the balance saw saw shall not cross the front edge of the working table and shall automatically return to the starting position.
(7) A circular saw with a feeding cradle shall have a saw blade fitted with a two-piece protective cover, the parts of which shall be opened and closed again when the wood is lodged in the cut to the saw disc and after the cut and unfolding. The part of the protruding saw disc shall be covered with an additional cover when cutting.
(8) The service cradle shall be equipped with a wood-holding device and a device to limit the variation.
(9) Portable hand-held disc saws shall be provided with an opening wedge for longitudinal cutting of the material.
(10) Circular saws with manual displacement for longitudinal cutting of the material shall be provided with an opening wedge.
Hand saws
(1) After the release of the hand pressure, the gas lever of the chainsaw must return automatically to zero position and the operation of the saw chain must stop automatically after the speed reduction.
(2) The current switch for electric chain saws shall be so located as to enable the current to be switched off without the need to move hands.
Correlation
The working part of the foot shaft shall be secured by a mechanical displacement device or guard; the non-working part of the foot shaft shall be protected by a housing which automatically shifts with the guide ruler.
Fats
(1) On the front front, there shall be a trap against the roll-back of the machined material.
(2) Knife shaft, sliding and contact cylinders shall be provided with fixed guards.
(3) The machined pieces shall not be less than the distance between the front and rear cylinders.
(4) The simultaneous machining of multiple pieces of material of the same thickness is prohibited.
Vertical bottom milling machines
(1) When hand-delivered to the cutting, the tool shall be secured by a protective cover and the machine shall be equipped with a device to prevent the material from falling back.
(2) When milling short pieces of material and finishing work, unless the milling machine is equipped with a material shift device, suitable preparations with material shift handles shall be used.
(3) Only one piece may be attached when using the products.
(4) It is forbidden to use two-cut milling knives on manual shift machines.
Printing and cutting
Common provisions
(1) Machines with two or more protective equipment systems or machines which can be operated manually, as well as by foot or without the use of any of the installed protective equipment shall be provided with switching of individual types of protective or control equipment against interference by unauthorised persons.
(2) Pressure springs must be used to switch on and off the clutch if its function depends on springs; if this is not possible, two towing springs must be used, each of which is capable of performing the required function separately.
(3) The brake, other than the hydraulic press brake, must be so designed and adjusted that, when the coupling is switched off, it prevents the machine shaft from self-turning with the mass of the moving part of the machine and crossing the top position in both directions.
(4) In the case of machines with an electromagnetically, electropneumatic or otherwise operated clutch, except the hydraulic press, the brake shall operate automatically in each failure in the power supply to the control system.
(5) An anti-lift device, other than a hydraulic or friction spindle, shall only allow one working stroke at one or repeated control of the actuator during the service stroke or at the permanent control of the actuator; the next stroke may be followed only if the actuator is released, at the latest before the end of the main shaft speed, and the trigger control can be reactivated only when the tool reaches its starting position.
(6) An anti-lift device, other than a hydraulic or friction spindle, may only be deactivated during work which may take place in uninterrupted operation with automatic or semi-automatic machines or with a safely modified and adjusted tool.
(7) The switch-on device shall be locked from the active position to the switched-on position or on the other hand.
(8) The foot of the foot control must be protected from both sides and from the sides by the machine housing or construction.
Common provisions for presses
(1) The pressing tools and their adjustment must exclude the possibility of inserting fingers into dangerous places.
(2) Instruments which do not ensure the full safety of the operator must be marked as hazardous in a durable way on the front by the marked letter "N" and may only be used on presses with a protective device in the working area of the press or, where applicable, the tools; Compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines)
(3) When a moving housing is used to protect the working area, the position of the housing shall be attached to the press trigger so that the press can only be operated if the cover is in a protective position; the cover must remain in this position if there is a risk of hand injury; If the working area is opened during the stroke, the ram movement shall be stopped before the hand can reach the dangerous proximity of the press tool.
(4) The two-hand trigger shall not release the foot trigger of the press. That doesn't apply to friction presses.
(5) Any press on which it is handled manually in the hazardous working space of the press tool must be adjusted only for individual lifts.
(6) Forms designed to operate by each stroke, unless it is a hydraulic or friction spindle press, must be so designed as to eliminate the risk of injury in the event of failure or self-actuation when the machine is at rest.
Mechanical towing presses
The mechanical towing presses with manual handling in the working area shall be operated only in the interrupted operation of the press; in the case of slow-moving presses, the uninterrupted operation shall be performed only if they are equipped with a protective device.
Interfaces
(1) It is prohibited to work and to stay on the back of the loading press.
(2) When more than one worker is working for such presses, the machine must run at least two of them. The controls shall be so designed that the press can only be operated when both workers are in control.
Spindles
(1) The slide shall only move within the permitted positions; When commuting the loop to the permissible position, the flywheel drive shall be disconnected independently of the control of the release control and activated by the device to stop the slide movement.
(2) The presses shall be equipped with a brake or, where appropriate, a locking device to stop the movement of the slide in the upper position and prevent its self-propelled.
(3) The recording of the working friction disc with the flywheel shall be discontinued at the latest before the completion of the forming operation and the press shall be fitted with an appropriate locking device against the flywheel fall.
(4) The release of the actuator shall be done so that its control is repeated for each service stroke. For single-hand release presses, the release device, which is controlled by the other free hand, may be used throughout the dangerous working stroke; a two-hand release device may be used for the release of the two-hand release device for the foot-trigger presses.
Hydraulic presses
(1) The press shall be fitted with a pressure gauge in each hydraulic circuit to enable a reliable control of the working pressure and the hydraulic circuits of each unit drive press shall be fitted with safety valves to prevent the pressure being exceeded.
(2) In the event of a working stroke, the authorised position of the press plunger shall not be exceeded.
(3) Forms with vertical movement of the press plunger shall be fitted with a device to prevent its undesirable spontaneous movement due to leakage of the operating pressure fluid from the return area.
(4) Forms with horizontal movement of the press plunger, where constant pressure is exerted from the central pressure station in the reverse area, must be carried out in such a way as to avoid the spontaneous movement of the press plunger.
(5) The presses driven from the central pressure station must be fitted with a device to prevent a rapid drop in pressure.
Ethical hydraulic presses
(1) The design of the press must exclude sudden opening of the press.
(2) A suitable cover shall be protected when opening the press against burns or scalding; The supply of the heating medium shall be covered in such a way that no injury occurs in the event of failure or other damage.
Packing hydraulic presses
(1) The codend press must be fitted with a device which may be interrupted at any time by the operation and a signal indicating that the press is in operation.
(2) The cap of the packet press with hydraulic closing shall not be closed automatically.
(3) The control press with hydraulic closing of the lid shall be equipped with a switch to block the control of the press during the transfer of the material to the pressing area and the closing of the lid.
(4) During the operation of the packet press, persons shall not stay at or enter the hopper.
Hydraulic presses for heat treatment of non-hardening materials
(1) In the case of presses with vertical injection moulding devices, the space before the material enters the melting chamber must be covered in such a way that no injury can occur by blowing the vapour out of the melting chamber.
(2) The filling liners shall be so designed as to prevent hands from being placed in the space of the plasticising worm and injection piston.
Vulcanising presses for tyres and air-conditioning machines
(1) The design of the press shall exclude the possibility of opening the vulcanisation chamber during the vulcanisation process.
(2) The presses must be fitted with a safety device to prevent the pressure and temperature of the vulcanising media from increasing above the prescribed values and devices which, when opened, prevent the upper part of the vulcanisation chamber from tilting automatically.
(3) The vulcanisation chamber of the press shall be provided with a protective device to prevent injury to the steam or water leak operator in the event of a seal failure between the upper and lower half of the vulcanisation form.
(4) Forms with hydraulically or pneumatically controlled equipment for opening and closing the vulcanisation chamber shall be fitted with a safety device against the maximum permissible excess pressure in the control system.
Contents
PRVNÍ ČÁST
První oddíl
§ 1
ČTVRTÁ ČÁST
První oddíl
§ 54
§ 55
§ 56
§ 57
§ 58
§ 59
§ 60
§ 61
§ 62
Druhý oddíl
§ 63
§ 64
§ 65
§ 66
§ 67
§ 68
§ 69
§ 70
Třetí oddíl
§ 71
§ 72
§ 73
§ 74
§ 75
§ 76
§ 77
§ 78
§ 79
§ 80
§ 81
§ 82
§ 83
§ 84
§ 85
Čtvrtý oddíl
§ 86
§ 87
Pátý oddíl
§ 88
§ 89
§ 90
§ 91
Šestý oddíl
§ 92
§ 93
Sedmý oddíl
§ 94
Osmý oddíl
§ 95
§ 96
§ 97
§ 98
Devátý oddíl
§ 99
§ 100
§ 101
§ 102
§ 103
§ 104
§ 105
§ 106
Desátý oddíl
§ 107
§ 108
§ 109
Jedenáctý oddíl
§ 110
§ 111
§ 112
§ 113
§ 114
§ 115
§ 116
§ 117
Dvanáctý oddíl
§ 118
§ 119
§ 120
Třináctý oddíl
§ 121
§ 122
§ 123
§ 124
§ 125
§ 126
§ 127
§ 128
Čtrnáctý oddíl
§ 129
§ 130
§ 131
§ 132
§ 133
§ 134
Patnáctý oddíl
§ 135
Šestnáctý oddíl
§ 136
§ 137
Sedmnáctý oddíl
§ 138
§ 139
§ 140
§ 141
Osmnáctý oddíl
§ 142
OSMÁ ČÁST
§ 175
§ 176
§ 177
§ 178
DESÁTÁ ČÁST
§ 187
§ 188
§ 189
§ 190
§ 191
§ 192
§ 193
DVANÁCTÁ ČÁST
§ 200
§ 201
§ 202
§ 203
§ 204
§ 205
§ 206
ČTRNÁCTÁ ČÁST
§ 237
§ 238
§ 239
§ 240
PATNÁCTÁ ČÁST
§ 242
§ 243
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Regulation Information
| Citation | Decree of the Czech Labour Safety Authority No. 48 / 1982 Coll., laying down the essential requirements for ensuring safety of work and technical equipment |
|---|---|
| Regulation Type | - |
| Author | - |
| Collection | Code of Laws |
| Date of Promulgation | 06.05.1982 |
|---|---|
| Effective from | 01.07.1982 |
| Effective until | - |
| Status | Valid |
The regulation text is for informational purposes only.
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