Decree No. 23 / 1976 Coll.
Decree of the Slovak Labour Safety Authority on ensuring safety of work in stable bulk containers
Valid
Effective from 01.04.1976
23
DECLARATION
Slovak Labour Safety Authority
of 23 December 1975
on ensuring safety of work with stable bulk containers
The Slovak Labour Safety Authority provides in agreement with the competent authorities and organisations pursuant to § 5 (1) (d) of Act No. 174 / 1968 Coll., on State Professional Safety Supervision:
General provisions
Scope
The decree covers the design, construction, production, operation, operation, maintenance, repair and reconstruction of fixed bulk containers.
The fixed bulk storage tanks (hereinafter referred to as "storage tanks') shall, within the meaning of this Decree, be considered to be all containers in which material of more than 1500 mm may be stored and which are:
(a) fixed in one place, including containers placed under ground or floor level; or
(b) removable, but temporarily built in one place and forming part of both the equipment and the intermediate work.
The bulk materials (hereinafter referred to as "materials') are those which consist of individual particles and have no consistency other than friction-induced cohesion and the quantity of which is indicated by volume or weight.
Design, construction and manufacture of containers
(1) The design and construction of containers and their accessories shall be based on a calculation taking into account all static and dynamic forces acting on the container. The design documentation of the containers shall be approved under the conditions laid down in the specific Regulation (1).
(2) The shape, dimensions, design material and the design of the containers must correspond to the characteristics of the materials (in particular the tendency to self-ignition, chemical reactivity, aggressiveness) for which they are intended to be stored and must be chosen taking into account the need to reduce dust and noise levels as much as possible. 2) At the same time they must ensure their uniform emptying either automatically or using auxiliary technical devices (vibrator, pneumatic pads, aeration agents, mixers, etc.).
(3) The outer shell and supporting structure of the flammable material containers must be of non-combustible material.
(4) The containers must be equipped with protection against lightning and the effects of static electricity in accordance with the relevant regulation.3)
(5) Containers intended for the storage of materials for which a sudden increase in pressure (e.g. explosion) may occur during operation must be equipped with a pressure wave release device, such as an explosive valve, a burst membrane.
(6) The containers in which freezing materials are stored and intended for operation even during the freezing period must be equipped with appropriate freezing equipment; the type of equipment must be selected taking into account the characteristics of the material stored.
(7) Containers in which all functional and handling points are not directly visible from the control point shall have appropriate audible and light-signalling devices. The sound alarm shall be at least 10 decibels above or within the frequency range of the ambient noise.
(8) Dust storage tanks must be equipped with devices to prevent pollution of the working environment.
(9) The upper edges of the hopper for manual loading shall be rounded.
(1) Stacks where there is a risk of lifting vaults shall be equipped with a device to upset those vaults.
(2) The mixers and other mechanical disruptors of vaults, funnels and overhang shall be protected against overload by an appropriate device (e.g. slip coupling, staple element, heat protection of the engine). The possibility must be excluded that broken or fallen parts of such equipment endanger persons or equipment or enter the stored material or technological process.
(3) The location and shape of the controls and the forces required to control them must comply with ergonomic principles. The main switch of the electromotor drive of the container equipment shall be capable of being secured in the off-mode position.
(4) Drivers must always be accessible and their purpose and function permanently and clearly marked with symbols or inscriptions in Slovak or Czech language.
(5) The containers designed after 1 January 1980 shall be equipped with a device that reliably indicates the height of the material stored without the need for the operator to enter the containers.
Floors, platforms, footboards, staircases and ladders
(1) The floors of the operating, installation, dismantling and maintenance workspaces must be flat, without breaches which would reduce their safety and must not be slippery. The external floors shall be so constructed as not to be supported by water, for example from a grate, and a flow of liquids shall be ensured.
(2) For service and control posts above the floor level, platforms or bridges with a width of not less than 600 mm and an underpass height of not less than 2100 mm shall be established. Exceptionally, the underpass height may be reduced locally to 1900 mm, except for the operating site. In such cases, the reduced positions shall be suitably adjusted (oblique linings, elastic linings, etc.) and coloured.
(3) Platforms and pegs above the floor level shall be equipped with a double-bar railing of at least 1100 mm high on all free sides with a stop (protective bar) of 150 mm.4)
(4) Safety access to platforms and footboards must be built through stairs, exceptionally by fixed ladders, which would allow safe access to all operated parts of containers and their accessories. Stairs and ladders shall comply with the relevant regulations (5) Ladders shall have an anti-slip adjustment.
Covers and fences
(1) Coats and fences must meet the essential safety requirements corresponding to the causes and sources of danger, in particular:
(a) prevent access to sources of danger, dangerous contact or capture of persons and parts of their clothing;
(b) to protect persons and equipment against falling, departing or spraying materials;
(c) prevent the fall of persons;
(d) prevent unwanted intrusion of foreign objects into mechanisms and equipment;
(e) reduce noise, dust and prevent spraying.
(2) The size and shape of openings in the enclosures and enclosures must be chosen taking into account the distance between the source of danger from the enclosure, the structure and size of the material stored and the possibility of forfeiting persons or objects. 6)
(3) Covers and fences must be secured against spontaneous release.
(4) Coats which serve at the same time as crossing or crossing shall be suitably designed and marked with an indication of the maximum permissible load for this purpose.
(5) The protection of electrical equipment shall comply with the environment in which the electrical equipment is used. 7)
Inputs and openings into containers
(1) Inputs in containers and accessible openings must be secured by a lockable grate or lid which must be locked during operation. Exceptionally, if this is not possible for technological reasons, they shall be protected by a barrier of at least 1100 mm high.
(2) The arches shall be designed at the points of their intended formation.
(3) The grates to be crossed for operational reasons shall not have openings of one size greater than 60 mm and their strength shall be in accordance with operating conditions.
(4) If operational reasons so require, the lattice openings may be larger but not more than 300X300 mm. However, it is prohibited to walk on such bars; the prohibition must be marked.
(1) The openings for entry into containers shall not have any dimension of less than 700 mm.
(2) No outlets or other components may interfere with the inlet space.
Space conditions
(1) Transit profiles under tanks shall comply with specific regulations, (8) in particular with the provisions on the spatial adjustment of underpasses or crossings by any construction, construction or equipment which crosses or interferes with the top of public or non-public communications. This provision shall not apply to containers located outside or on roads reserved for a particular type of means of transport (e.g. narrow track, special means of transport); The appropriate warning marks shall be placed on these containers.
(2) Specific rules apply to the crossing conditions in the lift compartment. 9)
(1) The containers from which the material is carried by vehicles must bear the largest dimensions of the vehicles allowed to pass; the following minimum distances shall be maintained between their largest contour and the nearest structures:
(a) 600 mm in the case of an isolated obstacle (pillar, pillar, track, etc.) of less than 300 mm;
(b) 750 mm for continuous obstacles (wall, ramp, ceiling, etc.).
(2) These obstacles must be marked with a safety colour. 10)
(3) The workspace at the storage tanks shall be arranged in such a way that, in the event of danger, the operator can quickly withdraw from the vulnerable area and allow for fire-fighting intervention.
Discharge holes and container closures
The shape and dimensions of the discharge holes shall comply with the characteristics of the stored materials and shall be secured in such a way as to prevent access to the storage tanks. The number and distribution of discharge holes shall comply with the provisions of Paragraph 4 (2).
(1) The type of container closures must be chosen taking into account the required function, environment, properties of stored materials and operational requirements (dustness, etc.). The seals shall be easily controllable and allow the material to be moved and the container to be emptied.
(2) In the case of containers placed in plants where the life or health of workers could be endangered in an accident or where major damage could be caused, the closure of discharge holes must be fitted with an insurance device which allows its immediate closure.
(3) The structure of the closures shall allow for the removal of the closing element without disassembly of the motor drive as well as the replacement of the drive at the closed passage of the stored material.
Manual and mechanical control of the seals shall be easily accessible. Control of emptying of the container shall be ensured from the control point. The cap or its actuator shall be adjusted or located in such a way as to avoid unauthorised handling.
Obligations of the manufacturer
The manufacturer (supplier) shall indicate the container permanently in visible place with the following information:
(a) the manufacturer (supplier);
(b) the year of manufacture (construction) and, where appropriate, the production number;
(c) energy used;
(d) the type of material the container is intended to store;
(e) the maximum permissible weight or volume of material to be stored;
(f) the prescribed characteristics of the material to be stored.
With each container, the manufacturer (supplier) shall supply the accompanying technical documentation, which shall include in particular:
(a) technical parameters and description of the container;
(b) dates and scope of inspections, maintenance and periodic repairs;
(c) method of operation, controlled and prohibited handling,
(d) the measures necessary for proper and exceptional entry into the container;
(e) the method of fire protection, established with regard to the material stored and any fire-fighting action, including fire extinguishers.
Operation, operation, maintenance and repair
(1) The operator shall identify in writing the manager responsible for the operation and technical condition of the containers and personnel for their operation, maintenance, repair and inspection, unless they are performed in a supplier's way. It shall also determine the qualification requirements, obligations and responsibilities of such staff.
(2) Only mentally and physically competent workers may operate the containers, (11) over 18 years of age, theoretically and practically trained and authorised to operate the containers in writing. Their knowledge must be checked regularly, at least once a year, by the operator and recorded.
The operator shall, with the prior agreement of the ZV ROH and of the relevant labour safety inspector in accordance with this Regulation, the operator shall draw up more detailed rules on safety and health at work for operation, operation and maintenance (Section 272 (2) of the ZP), taking into account his own conditions. They provide for qualification requirements (§ 17 (1)), deadlines for checking the competence of workers (§ 17 (2)) and time limits for checking the container.
In particular, in order to ensure the safe operation of the containers:
(a) to round up the stored material around the filler holes of deep-sea containers and containers located below the floor level only 1500 mm above the surrounding ground or floor level;
(b) to ensure proper illumination of the containers, its accessories and its surroundings according to the relevant regulations, 12)
(c) identify the sources of danger with safety colours, signs and tables, 13)
(d) to provide additional and additional measures to ensure safety of work in a harmful environment;
(e) identify the worker to whom the key to the bars and entrances will be entrusted;
(f) determine how the replacement key is to be stored;
(g) to ensure special conditions for extremely dangerous work;
(h) determine the type, meaning and use of warning signs and inform the relevant staff;
(i) determine, in accordance with the principles laid down by the manufacturer, the method of maintenance, cleaning, periodic repairs and inspections of containers and the dates for their regular emptying;
(j) keep an operating journal of the container with data on maintenance, operation, cleaning, faults and repairs of the container, on the output and return of the key from the grates and through the storage tanks, and on incidents and measures;
(k) identify the method of securing workers and workplaces during the maintenance and repair of containers and during work breaks;
(l) equip the workplace with first aid (14) and ensure that there is at least one worker in each working shift who controls the principles of first aid;
(m) to provide initial and periodic medical examinations of workers intended to operate containers at least at the dates laid down by the relevant health regulations, 15)
(n) have emergency personal protective equipment, work aids according to the nature of the materials and operations stored at their disposal for immediate intervention in the event of an emergency.
(1) The operator responsible for checking must check the container, including the accessories, within the time limits specified in the rules issued by the operator and in the manner indicated therein. If these rules so determine, the operator responsible for operating must draw attention to the start of operation of the container by a specified warning signal.
(2) In the event of a defect affecting the safety of persons or equipment, the container shall be immediately disabled. It may not be restarted until the fault has been removed.
(3) Before leaving the workplace, the designated worker must provide the container and its equipment in such a way that it cannot be activated and against access by unauthorised persons.
(4) For unforeseen circumstances, the spare key shall be stored in such a way as to allow accelerated access to the container.
The following shall be prohibited:
(a) activate the container if it is inside a person or is damaged or disabled by a safety device or if other defects affecting the safety of persons or equipment have been identified;
(b) recharge the container or fill it in a manner specified by the manufacturer;
(c) use safety devices as operating controls;
(d) deactivate security and communication devices, damage or improperly remove security signs and tables;
(e) to clean, correct, adjust or delete functional and movable parts of the container during operation, unless the container is designed for such a process;
(f) to operate and repair containers and their accessories without a prescribed qualification;
(g) to enter places which are not work spaces and roads, to crawl or climb the railings of work crossings, platforms, catwalks and other enclosed spaces;
(h) to stay in designated hazardous areas and enter the container without permission;
(i) release the discharge hole to release the cut-off material.
(1) Only a responsible manager may allow entry into the magazine, who shall determine, in accordance with the rules (§ 18), the working procedure, the way of signalling and the way of securing the worker and shall enter it in the operating log; in the case of life-saving work, the entry in the diary shall be made retrospectively.
(2) Before starting work within the container, the responsible worker shall issue appropriate instructions for this purpose.
(3) Before entering the magazine, the manager responsible must in particular:
(a) stop the supply and collection of material;
(b) ensure that the anti-commissioning container is provided in the manner specified in the rules;
(c) mark the container with a safety mark indicating that work is carried out inside the container;
(d) open the container and ensure open protection bars against fall;
(e) check that there are no harmful substances in the container and, accordingly, equip entry persons, such as breathing aids, safety lights, fire resistant suits,
(f) check the device allowing entry into the container.
(4) Each worker's entry into and stay inside the magazine shall be provided with at least two additional staff trained for the job. The worker entering the container shall be fitted with a safety belt supplemented by a parachute vest and bound by a securing rope. 16)
(5) Access to the smoldering material container shall be prohibited; in exceptional cases, only a responsible manager may allow entry in accordance with the rules (Paragraph 18) and under conditions laid down by specific provisions. 17)
(1) When removing defects in the container (vaults, sinuses, fungi, overhangs), the responsible manager must manage the work and pay particular attention to:
(a) to enter the container by means of fixed continuous ladders or lifting devices (platforms, baskets, cages, gangways, etc.) corresponding to the relevant safety regulations or by means of a portable ladders, if it is possible to hang it inside the container and to secure it in this position;
(b) that the worker within the container does not reach deeper than one metre below the upper limit of the material overhang or funnel produced by him and does not enter the material stored;
(c) that the securing rope is still tight and provided by authorised personnel on two opposite sides;
(d) that the connection with the workers inside the container is maintained by the agreed signs.
(2) Upon completion of the work within the magazine, the responsible manager shall lock the openings of the container and make an entry in the operating log about the work.
(1) The closing of the discharge openings of the containers must be maintained in such a condition as to ensure their reliability at all times.
(2) Before filling the container with material, the operator must check the status of the lid and bars, in particular whether individual rods are broken and whether the caps and bars are locked.
(3) If defects are detected on bars, the operator must take measures to prevent persons from falling into the reservoir until they are removed.
(4) When filling vehicles or transport equipment near the container, the material can only be levelled from a safe position of tools intended for this purpose.
Seat belts, additional and securing ropes and, where appropriate, other personal protective equipment shall be stowed in the prescribed manner. After each use, these products shall be cleaned, dried and placed in the usable state. Regular inspections and tests shall ensure their reliability.
(1) The container and its accessories must be checked before each entry into service.
(2) The result of the check referred to in paragraph 1 shall be entered in the operating logbook. The minutes shall include details of the measures proposed to address the deficiencies identified.
Stocks for the storage of materials where the risk of self-ignition, fire or explosion is present shall be secured by fire-fighting measures corresponding to the type of material stored and, in view of possible self-ignition, monitored and controlled on an ongoing basis. Similar measures must also be taken around the reservoir. To reduce the risk of explosion or fire, regular cleaning must be carried out, in particular dust on the surface and around the container.
Transitional and final provisions
(1) The containers designed, manufactured and used before the date of application of this Decree must be adapted in accordance with it no later than three years after its entry into force. This adjustment is not necessary for a stop (§ 6 (3)) if its height is at least 100 mm.
(2) For containers put into service before the date of application of this Decree, which cannot be modified for technical reasons within a three-year period, the operator must take other effective measures within the same time limit to achieve the objectives pursued by this Decree.
(3) In the case of wooden containers, equipment shall be regarded as complying with paragraph 2 and replacing the requirement of Paragraph 4 (3) with an internal shell made of non-combustible material or, where appropriate, the manufacture of fire-fighting impregnation of wood parts of containers. The fire impregnation shall be renewed within the time limits specified by the paint manufacturer.
This decree does not apply to containers which are subject to supervision by the authorities referred to in § 3 (2) of Act No. 174 / 1968 Coll.
This Decree shall take effect on 1 April 1976.
Director:
Ing. Kováč v. r.
1) Decree of the Federal Ministry of Technical and Investment Development No. 163 / 1973 Coll., on documentation of buildings.
2) Directive No 32 / 1967 of the Ministry of Health on the protection of health against the adverse effects of noise.
3) ČSN 34 1380 Protection against dangerous effects of static electricity. Clause 34 1390 Regulations for lightning protection.
4) ČSN 73 8106 - Protective and detention structures.
5) ČSN 73 4130 - Stairways. Basic provisions. ON 73 4134 - Steel staircases and railings in industrial buildings. ČSN 74 3282 - Steel ladders. Basic provisions.
6) ČSN 73 8106 - Protective and detention structures.
7) ČSN 34 1470 - Electrical equipment in places with fire or explosion risk. ČSN 34 0110 - Regulations for electrical items.
8) ČSN 73 5105 - Industrial production buildings,
9) Rules of technical operation of lifts - PTSV, reg. 75 / 1964 Coll.
10) ČSN 01 2720 - Safety colours.
11) Directive of the Ministry of Health of the SSR No 17 / 1970 of the Ministry of Health of the Ministry of Health of the SSR on the assessment of medical fitness for work (notified in the amount of 24 / 1970 Coll.).
12) ČSN 36 0035 - Daily lighting of buildings. ČSN 36 0046 - Artificial lighting in industrial plants.
13) ČSN 01 2720 - Safety colours. ČSN 01 2725 - Guidelines for colour adjustment of the working environment. ČSN 01 8010 - Security Communication. General provisions. ČSN 01 8012 - Safety marks and tables. Attachment. Designs of security signs.
14) ON 84 6635 - first aid pharmacies. Basic provisions. Equipment.
15) Directive No 17 / 1970 of the Ministry of Health of the SSR.
16) ČSN 83 2611 - Protective belt. Technical requirements and testing.
17) ČSN 07 4009 - Safety regulations for equipment for preparing coal powder for steam boilers.
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Regulation Information
| Citation | Decree of the Slovak Labour Safety Authority No. 23 / 1976 Coll., on ensuring safety of work with stable bulk containers |
|---|---|
| Regulation Type | - |
| Author | - |
| Collection | Code of Laws |
| Date of Promulgation | 15.03.1976 |
|---|---|
| Effective from | 01.04.1976 |
| Effective until | - |
| Status | Valid |
The regulation text is for informational purposes only.
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