Decree No. 67 / 2004 Coll.
Order laying down requirements for pendulum hammers
Valid
Effective from 01.03.2004
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67
DECLARATION
of 3 February 2004
laying down requirements for pendulum hammers
The Ministry of Industry and Trade provides pursuant to Section 27 of Act No. 505 / 1990 Coll., on Metrology, as amended by Act No. 119 / 2000 Coll. and Act No. 137 / 2002 Coll., ("the Act") for the implementation of Sections 6 (2) and 9 (1) of the Act:
This Decree lays down requirements for test pendulum hammers for tests of the material's rudder and impact resistance (hereinafter "pendulum hammers'), the procedure for the approval of those hammers and the procedure for their verification.
For the purposes of this decree, the following shall be regarded as pendulum hammers:
(a) pendulum hammers for industrial purposes; and
(b) reference pendulum hammers.
The terminology and requirements for pendulum hammers and their type-approval and verification are set out in the Annex.
This Decree shall take effect on 1 March 2004.
Minister:
Ing. Urban v. r.
Annex to Decree No 67 / 2004 Coll.
1. TERMINOLOGY
1.1. An industrial shuttle hammer is a shuttle hammer used for industrial or laboratory testing of metal materials: these machines must not be used to determine benchmarks.
1.2. A reference pendulum hammer is a pendulum hammer used for setting reference values.
1.3. Braces are parts of a machine forming a vertical plane which retains the test bar when broken. The plane of the support is perpendicular to the plane of the support.
1.4. The supports are parts of the machine forming a horizontal plane on which the test bar lies before the pendulum is broken. The plane of the support is perpendicular to the plane of the support.
1.5. Beam is the part of the pendulum that is in contact with the test rod.
1.6. The centre of the blade is a point on the impactor edge of the pendulum blade that reaches the horizontal plane in the middle of the test bar when the pendulum is triggered.
1.7. The centre of impact is a point on the body where the impact has the same impact effect as when the total mass of the body is concentrated at that point.
1.8. Nominal initial potential energy (hereinafter referred to as "nominal energy") AN is the energy given by the construction of a pendulum hammer.
1.9. Actual initial potential energy ("potential energy") Ap is the initial potential energy value determined by direct verification.
1.10. Indicated energy consumed ("energy indicated ') As is the energy value indicated by the indicator or read on the pendulum hammer indicator device.
1.11. Actual energy consumed (energy consumed) Av is the total energy required to break the test bar when tested by a pendulum hammer. It is equal to the difference of potential pendulum energy in the initial and final position of the first flower during which the test rod is broken.
1.12. The reference test bar is the bending-test bar used to verify the pendulum hammer by comparing the energy consumed by the machine with the reference value given by the reference test bars.
1.13. The reference value is the value of energy consumed given by the reference test bar and determined by the test on the reference shuttle hammer.
1.14. Geometry of the reference test rod
The reference test bar, which is placed on the supports in the test position:
(a) height: distance between the side with the screw and the opposite side;
(b) width: dimension perpendicular to the height parallel to the screw,
(c) length: larger of the dimensions perpendicular to the screw.
1.15. The bottom of the stand is part of the pendulum hammer structure located below the horizontal plane of the support.
2 REQUIREMENTS FOR CYCLAIMS
2.1. METHOLOGICAL REQUIREMENTS
2.1.1 Metrological parameters of the pendulum hammer
2.1.1.1. The basic metrological parameters of the pendulum hammer for industrial purposes as determined by the direct verification method are given in Table 1.
Table 1. Basic metrological parameters of the pendulum hammer for industrial purposes
| Geometrické vlastnosti | Jednotka | Hodnota |
|---|---|---|
| Kyvadlo: | ||
| Úhel ostří břitu | ° | 30 ± 1 |
| Poloměr ostří břitu | mm | 2 + 0,5 |
| Poloha stojanu/kyvadla | ||
| Vzdálenost osy otáčení kyvadla | ||
| - stroje s referenční rovinoux) | 1 | ± 2/1000 |
| - stroje bez referenční roviny | 1 | ± 4/1000 |
| Rovnoběžnost mezi osou referenční zkušební tyče a osou otáčení kyvadla | 1 | ± 3/1000 |
| Vzdálenost mezi nárazovou hranou břitu a středem nárazu | mm | ± 0,5 |
| Poloha nárazové hrany břitu, vztažená k rovině souměrnosti opěr | mm | + 0,5 |
| Axiální vůle ložisek | mm | 0,25 |
| Radiální vůle ložisek | mm | 0,08 |
| Opěry | ||
| Poloměr zaoblení opěr | mm | 1+ 0,5 |
| Úkos opěr | ° | 11 ± 1 |
| Úhel mezi podpěrami a opěrami | ° | 90 ± 0,1 |
| Vzdálenost mezi rovinami opěr | mm | 0,1 |
| Vzdálenost mezi rovinami podpěr | mm | 0,1 |
| Vzdálenost mezi opěrami | mm | 40 ± 0,20 |
| Nárazová rychlost | ||
| Nárazová rychlost | m/s | 5 až 5,5 |
| x) vztaženo k referenční rovině | ||
2.1.1.2. For indirect verification of the pendulum hammer, the checked pendulum hammer is correct if the repeatability and error values are less than or equal to those given in Table 2.
Table 2. Repeatability and error values of the pendulum hammer for industrial purposes
| Úroveň energie | Opakovatelnost | Chyba |
|---|---|---|
| J | J | J |
| < 40 | ≤ 6 | < 4 |
| ≥ 40 | < 15 % z E | < 10 % z E |
| E je hodnota energie spotřebovaná Charpyho referenční tyčí s V-vrubem. | ||
2.1.2. Requirements for test equipment
2.1.2.1 Measuring instruments for measuring the geometric parameters of a pendulum hammer:
(a) a sliding scale of 400 mm and long measuring jaws;
(b) an optical diagonal measurement,
(c) radius meters set from 0,5 mm to 5 mm.
2.1.2.2. Special blade geometry gauge and pendulum hammer support; is shown in Figure 5.
2.1.2.3 Special gauges for checking the working part of the pendulum hammer
(a) the gauge for checking the distance of the supports;
(b) measuring instruments for checking the distance between the pendulum and the support;
(c) a gauge of a height corresponding to half the height of the sample used;
(d) a product to indicate the point of impact on the blade of the pendulum hammer.
2.1.2.4 Set of adjustable micrometric pin from 25 mm to 1m.
2.1.2.5 Drawing needle.
2.1.2.6. A reference test bar with a blade with adjustable length between 0,5 m and 1,5 m for measuring angles and pendulum weights.
2.1.2.7. Etalon load gauge Class 0,5 of rated forces 100 N and 500 N.
2.1.2.8 Inclination level, range ± 120 ° and clamping fixtures.
2.1.2.9. Longevity length 100 mm, sensitivity 0,1 mm / m
2.1.2.10 Digital stopwatch.
2.1.3 Charpy reference test rods with V-screw
2.1.3.1. Subject matter
The purpose of this part of the Annex is to describe the production and characteristics of Charpy's reference test rods with a V-screw.
2.1.3.2. All Charpy reference test rods with a V-screw from a single series shall come from the same ingot or the same melt and shall undergo the same heat treatment. During all stages of the production of the test rods, particular care must be taken to achieve the greatest possible homogeneity of these rods. Charpy's reference test rods with a V-screw shall be steel or of other metal material and shall be processed in such a way as to ensure the following energy levels:
| nízká energie: | menší než 30 J, |
| střední energie: | 30 J až 110 J, |
| vysoká energie: | 110 J až 220 J, |
| velmi vysoká energie: | větší než 220 J. |
The dimensions of Charpy reference test rods with V-screw are given in Table 3.
Table 3: Dimensions of Charpy reference test rods with V-screw
| Název rozměru | Hodnota |
|---|---|
| Délka | (55 ± 0,25) mm |
| Výška | (10 ± 0,06) mm |
| Šířka | (10 ± 0,075) mm |
| Uhel vrubu | 45° ± 1° |
| Zbývající výška u dna vrubu | (8 ± 0,06) mm |
| Poloměr zaoblení dna vrubu | (0,25 ± 0,025) mm |
| Vzdálenost mezi rovinou souměrnosti vrubu a jedním z konců zkušební tyče | (27,5 ± 0,10) mm |
| Uhel mezi rovinou souměrnosti vrubu a podélnou osou zkušební tyče | 90° ± 2° |
| Uhel mezi přilehlými plochami | 90° ± 0,10° |
2.1.3.3 Evaluation of Charpy reference test bars with V-screw
The evaluation of Charpy's reference test bars with a V-screw shall be carried out using the reference pendulum hammer.
2.1.3.4 Reference pendulum hammer
The reference pendulum hammer may only be used to evaluate the reference test rods; its basic metrological parameters are consistent with the basic metrological parameters listed in Table 1, except as follows:
| a) poloměr zaoblení opěr: | (1 ± 0,1) mm, |
| b) úhel mezi podpěrami a opěrami: | 90° ± 0,10°, |
| c) vzdálenost mezi opěrami: | (40 + 0,1) mm a |
| d) poloha nárazové hrany břitu ve vztahu k rovině souměrnosti opěr: | ± 0,25 mm. |
The reference pendulum hammer shall be verified using the reference test bars officially validated by the European Union Reference Material Centre (Bureau Communautaire de Référence). In order to be declared a reference pendulum hammer, it shall meet the repeatability and error values given in Table 4.
Table 4. Repeatability values and error of reference pendulum hammer
| Úroveň energie | Opakovatelnost | Chyba |
|---|---|---|
| J | J | J |
| < 40 | ≤ 3 | < 2 |
| ≥ 40 | < 7,5 % z E | < 5 % z E |
| E je hodnota energie spotřebovaná Charpyho referenční tyčí s V-vrubem. | ||
2.1.3.5 Characterisation of Charpy series reference test bars with V-screw
Each series of Charpy reference test rod with a V-screw is characterised by the energy value measured when breaking the prescribed number of Charpy reference test bars with a V-screw on the reference pendulum hammer at the same temperature. The number of Charpy reference test bars with a V-screw for the characterisation of the relevant series is 25, regardless of the number of Charpy reference test bars with a V-screw that the series contains. The energy value characterising the relevant series shall be determined as the arithmetic mean of 25 tests carried out. The standard measurement repeatability uncertainty shall be evaluated as the sampling standard deviation calculated from 25 measurements. The standard deviation values obtained during the test shall not exceed those shown in Table 5.
Table 5. Limits for the standard deviation of the Charpy series reference test rod with V-screw
| Úroveň energie série Es | Hodnota směrodatné odchylky s |
|---|---|
| J | J |
| < 40 | ≤ 2.0 |
| ≥ 40 | <5% z E |
2.2 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
2.2.1. Construction
2.2.1.1 Shuttle hammer stand
The pendulum hammer stand shall be sufficiently rigid so that the measured values are not affected by the vibration of the stand when the hammer is hit on the sample.
2.2.1.2. Basis of the pendulum hammer
The base of the pendulum hammer shall have sufficient mass to dampen the impact of the test. This mass shall be greater than 40 times the pendulum weight. The base shall be stored on a stable substrate which ensures that vibration is not transmitted from the surrounding environment.
2.2.1.3. The pendulum
The width of the pendulum blade shall be between 10 mm and 18 mm. The blade angle shall be 30 ° ± 1 ° and its radius of curvature shall be (2 + 0,5) mm. The angle between the blade contact line and the horizontal axis of the test bar shall be 90 ° ± 2 °.
2.2.1.4 Trigger mechanism of pendulum
The trigger mechanism of the pendulum from its initial position shall operate freely and trigger the pendulum without any initial twitching or incitement to vibration. If this mechanism also contains a braking system, the undesirable brake activities shall be avoided.
2.2.1.5 Braces and supports of the reference test bar
The supports shall lie in one plane. The distance between the planes of both supports shall not exceed 0,1 mm. The upper plane of the support shall be parallel to the pendulum rotation axis. The deviation of parallel supports shall be less than 3 / 1000. Braces shall lie in one plane. The distance between the planes intersected by the support surfaces of both supports shall not exceed 0,1 mm. The angle between the plane of the support and the support shall be 90 ° ± 0,1 °. The distance between the restraints shall be (40 + 0,2) mm, the radius of curvature of the restraints shall be (1 + 0,5) mm and the angle of operation of the restraints shall be 11 ° ± 1 °. The position of the support and support of the reference test bar is shown in Figure 1.
2.2.1.6 Luminance between support and pendulum
The luminance between the support and the pendulum shall be such that the broken parts of the reference test bar fall freely from the pendulum hammer, with minimal influence and without retroactive impact on the pendulum before finishing the hip. No part of the pendulum passing between the supports shall be thicker than 18 mm. The base shapes of the pendulum are shown in Figure 2. Shape C or shape U.
Figure 1. Braces and supports of the reference test bar
Figure 2. Basic shapes of the working part of the pendulum
In the case of a pendulum whose working part is C-shaped, the broken part of the reference test bar shall not fall back on the pendulum if the clearance at both ends of the reference test bar is greater than 13 mm.
For a pendulum having a working part of the shape The U shall be prevented from retrofitting parts of the broken reference test bar to the pendulum. For pendulum hammers where this pendulum shape is used, safety plate covers shall be installed which meet the following requirements:
(a) shall be at least 1,5 mm thick;
(b) it shall have a minimum hardness of 45 HRC,
(c) the radius of curvature shall be at least 1,5 mm;
(d) it must be in such a position that the clearance between the safety guard and the pendulum does not exceed 1,5 mm.
In the case of pendulum hammers where the clearance of the pendulum passage is permitted between the end of the reference test bar prepared in the test position and the safety canister covers of at least 13 mm, the following requirements shall be met:
(a) it shall have a minimum hardness of 45 HRC,
(b) the radius of curvature shall be at least 1,5 mm.
2.2.1.7 Position of centre of impact
The distance l1 from the centre of impact to the axis of rotation shall be equal to the length of the mathematical pendulum with the same time as the pendulum of the test machine. This distance is compared with the distance L between the centre of contact of the reference test rod and the blade and axis of rotation according to the equation
l1 = 0,995 · L ± 0,005 · L.
The old types of pendulum hammers usually do not comply with the requirements of Sv124; l1-L S124; ≤ L / 100, although their data are considered correct. Their use is tolerated if:
(a) ZV124; l1-L ZV124; ≤ 1,75.L / 100 and if all other conditions laid down for direct verification are fulfilled; or
(b) the pendulum hammers have been subjected to indirect verification, the results of which comply with the requirements set out in Table 2.
2.2.1.8 Equipment for indicating energy value
The pendulum hammer shall be provided with a scale indicating the angle of position of the pendulum or the energy consumed or both.
2.2.1.8.1 Analog scale
The marks of the analogue scale shall be of uniform width and shall be approximately as wide as the marker. It shall allow reading of measured values without a parallel. The distance between two adjacent marks shall be at least 2,5 mm to estimate 1 / 10 of the analogue scale. The panel shall be equal to or greater than 1 / 100 potential energy and shall allow an estimate of an energy increase equal to at least 0,25% of the potential energy.
2.2.1.8.2 Numerical scale
The numerical scale shall show a clearly legible figure with a resolution of at least 1 / 400 potential energy.
2.2.2. Labels and marks
The pendulum hammer shall be provided in a well accessible location with a company label containing:
(a) if the manufacturer is a legal person, his business name or name and registered office, and, if he or she has it, his or her name, surname and permanent address,
(b) the type of pendulum hammer,
(c) the year of manufacture;
(d) the serial number; and
(e) the nominal value of the energy consumed.
APPROVAL
3.1. Procedure for type approval
3.1.1. Requirements for the documentation submitted
In addition to the documentation provided under the Specific Legislation (1), the applicant shall submit:
(a) operating instructions;
(b) adjustment instructions,
(c) drawing documentation of the stand, pendulum and scale; and
(d) drawing documentation of the base for the placement of the pendulum hammer.
3.1.2. Samples
Since it is a costly device which is supplied in a small number of pieces, it is waived to deliver a special sample. Tests for type approval shall be carried out on a supplied pendulum hammer or the same type of pendulum hammer with the manufacturer.
3.1.3. Requirements for test equipment
The test equipment referred to in paragraph 2.1.2 shall be used to perform the tests.
3.1.4 Environmental conditions
The test shall ensure normal environmental conditions for the placement of the pendulum hammer. The test temperature shall be (20 ± 2) ° C.
3.1.5 Allowed errors
Allowed errors are given in point 2.1.1.
3.1.6. Test procedure
The tests shall be carried out in accordance with paragraph 4.
3.2. Type-approval certificate
The particulars of the type-approval certificate shall be laid down in a separate legislative act (2).
4 VERIFICATION
The procedure for initial and subsequent verification shall be the same.
Verification of pendulum hammers shall be carried out directly or indirectly or by a combination of both methods.
(a) direct verification enables a static and separate examination of the individual physical and geometric characteristics of the pendulum hammer;
(b) the indirect verification is a pendulum hammer test using Charpy's reference test rods with a V-screw (paragraph 2.1.3).
Direct verification shall be used in the case of installation of a pendulum hammer, after repair, and in the case of indirect verification giving an inadmissible result.
4.1 Symbols and labelling
Table 6. Symbols and definitions
| Symboly | Jednotka | Definice |
|---|---|---|
| AN | J | jmenovitá energie |
| AP | J | potenciální energie |
| AS | J | indikovaná energie |
| AV | J | spotřebovaná energie |
| F | N | síla vyvinutá kyvadlem, působící na etalonový siloměr ve vzdálenosti l2 |
| F1 | N | tíže kyvadla |
| L | m | vzdálenost mezi středem břitu a osou otáčení kyvadla (délka kyvadla) |
| l | m | vzdálenost mezi těžištěm kyvadla a osou otáčení |
| l1 | m | vzdálenost mezi středem rázu a osou otáčení |
| l2 | m | vzdálenost mezi bodem aplikace síly F a osou otáčení |
| p | J | ztráty třením způsobené vlečením ukazovatele. |
| p´ | J | ztráty třením vyplývající z odporu vzduchu a tření ložisek |
| p3 | J | korekce energetických ztrát pro úhel vzestupu |
| t | s | perioda kyvadla |
| T | s | celková doba trvání 100 kyvů kyvadla |
| TM | s | maximální hodnota T |
| Tm | s | minimální hodnota T |
| α | ° | úhel pádu |
| β | ° | úhel vzestupu |
| E | J | hodnota energie spotřebovaná Charpyho referenční zkušební tyčí s V-vrubem |
| EBCR | J | ověřená hodnota energie série referenčních zkušebních tyčí ověřených střediskem EU pro referenční materiály |
4.2 Direct verification of pendulum hammer
Direct verification shall be carried out on the following parts of the pendulum hammer and its parameters:
(a) pendulum hammer stand,
(a) pendulum,
(b) the position of the stand and pendulum;
(c) support and support of the reference test bar;
(d) the position of the centre of impact;
(e) an energy indicator device;
(f) potential energy;
(g) the energy error indicated;
(h) loss of friction;
(i) impact speed.
4.2.1 The pendulum hammer stand
The lower part of the pendulum hammer stand, which was manufactured after 1996, has a mass greater than 12 times the pendulum weight. The mass of the pendulum hammer base is greater than 40 times the mass of the pendulum. The weight of the base shall be indicated in the documentation.
The torque key shall be checked by tightening the base screws nuts and the value obtained shall be compared with the data specified in the pendulum hammer documentation. If these values are smaller, the matrix will reach the prescribed moment.
In addition, check that the pendulum hammer is not subject to any external vibrations transmitted by the base. The determination of vibration transmission shall be carried out by means of a test using a water container to be placed on the pendulum hammer stand and to check that the water level is not boiling.
4.2.2. The pendulum
The width of the blade is between 10 mm and 18 mm; it is checked with a sliding scale. The blade angle shall be 30 ° ± 1 ° and measured with an optical diagonal measurement. The radius of the blade is (2 + 0,5) mm.
The angle between the blade contact line and the horizontal axis of the reference test bar shall be measured, which shall be 90 ° ± 2 °. It shall be determined indirectly by imprinting the contact part of the blade on a test rod of size (10 x 10) mm and length of 55 mm.
The operation of the trigger mechanism shall be checked when the pendulum hammer is triggered from the initial value. The trigger mechanism shall operate freely and trigger the pendulum without any initial twitching, delay, or incitement to transverse vibration. If this mechanism also contains a braking system, the undesirable brake function shall be avoided.
4.2.3 Position of stand and pendulum
The pendulum hammer shall have a reference plane from which measurements are made. This reference plane shall be horizontal with a tolerance of not more than 2 mm per 1 m Measurements shall be carried out by means of water level and special meters according to paragraph 2.1.2.3 or by means of an inclination level.
The axis of rotation of the pendulum shall be parallel to the reference plane for pendulum hammers with a deviation of less than 2 mm per 1 m. In the case of pendulum hammers without a reference plane, the axis of rotation of the pendulum shall be within 4 mm of the horizontal plane per m. This parameter is determined by direct measurement of the inclination weight.
The distance between the impacting edge of the pendulum blade and the impacting surface of the reference test bar shall be ± 0,5 mm; it shall be measured using a special scythe with a scale to be placed in the position of the test body, with the pendulum hanging freely in a vertical position.
Check the pendulum tilting in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation with a deflection of 3 mm per 1 m In addition, it shall be checked that the cutting edge touches the reference test bar throughout its width.
Measure the distance between the centre of the cutting edge of the blade and the median plane between the test bar support; This distance shall be less than ± 0,5 mm. The median plane is perpendicular to the pendulum axis.
The axial clearance of the pendulum bearing shall be determined by measuring the axial displacement of the pendulum at the point of the blade when the centre of the blade is subjected to an axial force corresponding to approximately 4% of the pendulum weight. This value shall not exceed 0,25 mm. The radial clearance of the pendulum bearings, when applied by a force of 150 N ± 10 N at a distance of L, shall not exceed 0,08 mm perpendicular to the plane of the pendulum. The measurement shall be carried out using a number-digit deviator fixed to the stand.
4.2.4 Test bar supports and supports
The distance between the planes of the right and left supports (max 0,1 mm) and their parallel to the axis of rotation of the pendulum (max 3 mm per 1 m) shall be measured. In addition, the distance between the planes of the support (max. 0,1 mm), the angle between the plane of the support and the support (90 ± 0,10) °, the distance between the support (40 + 0,2) mm, the radius of curvature of the support (1 + 0,5) mm and the angle of operation of the support (11 ± 1) ° shall be measured. The shape of the supports and supports is shown in Figure 1
4.2.5 Luminance between support and pendulum
The thickness of the pendulum shall be measured which passes between the supports. The test shall be carried out at both ends of the test bar. In addition, the effectiveness of safety guards shall be checked.
4.2.6 Position of centre of impact
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Regulation Information
| Citation | Decree No. 67 / 2004 Coll., laying down requirements for pendulum hammers |
|---|---|
| Regulation Type | - |
| Author | - |
| Collection | Code of Laws |
| Date of Promulgation | 24.02.2004 |
|---|---|
| Effective from | 01.03.2004 |
| Effective until | - |
| Status | Valid |
The regulation text is for informational purposes only.
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