What is Decree No. 32 / 1972 Coll.?

Decree of the Federal Ministry of Transport No. 32 / 1972 Coll., on the conditions of use of vehicles on the road — Decree of the Federal Ministry of Transport on the conditions of use of vehicles on the road.

When it became Decree No. 32 / 1972 Coll. effectiveness?

Decree No. 32 / 1972 Coll. became effective 01.07.1972.

Is Decree No. 32 / 1972 Coll. still valid?

Yes, Decree No. 32 / 1972 Coll. is still valid and effective.

Decree No. 32 / 1972 Coll. - Decree of the Federal Ministry of Transp...

32

DECLARATION

Federal Ministry of Transport

of 18 May 1972

on the conditions for the operation of vehicles on the road

The Federal Ministry of Transport shall, in agreement with the participating central authorities pursuant to Article 16 (1) (b) of Decree No. 54 / 1953 Coll., on road traffic, as amended by the statutory measure of the Bureau of the National Assembly No 13 / 1956 Coll.:

ČÁST PRVNÍ

Basic conditions for the operation of vehicles

§ 1

General provisions

(1) On road 1) only vehicles which meet the requirements of safe and smooth operation, do not endanger the safety and health of persons and do not pollute and damage infrastructure by design, design and technical condition.

(2) The design and technical operating conditions to which the vehicle must comply in the operation of the road are set out in Part Two to Part Five of this Decree. It is not decisive whether the vehicle is registered in the registration of motor vehicles and bearing the registration mark or not.

(3) The provisions in force for motor vehicles shall apply unless otherwise specified,

(a) for motor vehicles, (2) which are not linked to tracks or to electrical lines, the type of propulsion being irrelevant;

(b) for special motor vehicles referred to in Part Three.

(4) The provisions in force for passenger cars apply, unless otherwise specified, to their modifications (Section 84 (8)).

(5) The provisions applicable to buses shall apply to motor vehicles equipped for the carriage of more than eight seated persons (except drivers); unless otherwise provided, these provisions shall also apply to trolleybuses. For trams only the provisions of § 11, § 12 (1) (a) to (c), § 13 (1) and (3), § 25 (1) and (6), § 26 (8), (10) to (16) (without the conditions set out in paragraph 6), § 27 (1), § 33 (1), (2), (4) and (5), § 48, § 49 with the exception of paragraphs 3, 4 and 11, § 50 with the exception of paragraphs 1 and 2, § 51 with the exception of paragraphs 3, § 52, § 53, § 56 (1), (2) and (5) and § 58 (1), (2), (5), (6) and (7).

(6) The provisions in force for lorries apply to vehicles specially designed for the transport of goods, to special vehicles, and, unless otherwise specified, to road tractors and to lorries, using the main groups of passenger cars and intended for the transport of goods of a useful weight of up to 1,5 tonnes (Section 84 (8)).

§ 2

Eligibility of motor vehicles and their trailers for use

In road traffic, motor vehicles and their trailers shall only be used:

(a) if they conform to the type approved (§ 3) or have been approved for their technical competence to operate;

(b) if they have been assigned a registration number if they are subject to this obligation,

(c) belt vehicles only if they are fitted with rubber belts or steel belts with rubber cushions on supporting surfaces; the carrying pulleys shall be separately suspended and fitted with rubber frames of a height of not less than 40 mm.

Approval of technical competence of motor vehicles and their trailers

§ 3

(1) The technical competence of the types of motor vehicles and their trailers to be manufactured in bulk (by type) or to be imported through a foreign trade organisation is decided upon at the request of the manufacturer or importer of the Republic's Ministry of Interior or its designated authority (hereinafter referred to as the competent Republic authority), according to the final implementation of the prototype (or vehicles from the verification series) or imported sample vehicles and the relevant technical documentation. 3) One of the conditions of type-approval is the consistent security of production (imports) and distribution of spare parts and units for the type and execution of the vehicle, as well as the security of complete repairs and service and guarantee services for at least 10 years after the end of production (imports). Mass production means the production of more than 5 motor vehicles of the same type in total.

(2) The manufacturer or importer shall submit in particular:

(a) the overall technical description of the vehicle type-certificate,

(b) a drawing indicating the external and internal dimensions, the standby and total masses and its division into individual axles;

(c) drawing of external and internal lighting including the marking of angles of geometric visibility, types of lamps and their characteristics;

(d) a drawing indicating the driver's angle of vision;

(e) a vehicle control diagram indicating geometry and control force;

(f) a diagram of the braking devices, indicating the operation and control force;

(g) a diagram of the electrical installation, including an indication of the type of equipment or apparatus;

(h) the characteristics of the recommended tyres and their thickening and the characteristics of rims certified by the manufacturer;

(i) the list of equipment and equipment of the vehicle,

(j) the operating and maintenance instructions, the directional numbers of the kilometric performance to each type of vehicle repair, the list of spare parts and the workshop manual (where applicable, other commercial technical documentation supplied with the vehicle);

(k) vehicle test reports and parts thereof and approval reports; the approval tests (4) are carried out by organisations entrusted with this task by the Federal Ministry of Transport after consultation with the competent Republic authorities,

(l) technical data for the control and adjustment of the vehicle and its parts, including specific warnings for the need for technical inspection stations;

(m) the opinion of the competent authority of the national professional occupational safety oversight and the health service authority.

(3) The competent republican authority may prescribe the submission of further technical documentation, in particular detailed drawings and calculations, the opinion of the state oversight in the field of fire protection, etc., and impose complete type and operational tests.

(4) The manufacturer or importer shall, upon request, lend to the competent Republic authority a vehicle the type of which is to be approved for in-service verification for a reasonable period of time, including a set of parts to ensure good technical condition and operational performance during the tests.

(5) The competent republican authority shall decide when type-approval of a motor or trailer type is granted whether the vehicle will be registered and marked with a registration mark or whether it is allowed to operate without a registration plate due to its design and driving characteristics. If the design or the intended use of the vehicle so requires, special operating conditions shall be laid down. For a type whose technical competence it approves, it shall issue a "Certificate of technical competence of a type of motor vehicle ', an integral part of which is a" Basic technical description of an approved type of vehicle', which is the basis for the manufacturer or importer to complete a technical licence for a vehicle which will be registered and bearing a registration mark or a technical certificate for a vehicle which will not bear a registration.

(6) The manufacturer shall submit to the competent Republic authority for approval, before being introduced into production, any modification which he intends to make on a type already approved affecting the competence of the vehicle to use the road. The importer shall submit for approval any modification made to a vehicle of an approved type which affects the fitness of the vehicle to be used on the road before the import of such vehicles.

(7) The type-approval of a motor and trailer type applies to all vehicles manufactured or imported which comply fully with the type approved by design and equipment; shall be subject to a review which shall be carried out during time periods determined by the competent Republic authority.

(8) Vehicle type and service tests (paragraph 3), verification tests (paragraph 4) and revision tests (paragraph 7) shall be carried out on the load of the manufacturer and, where appropriate, the importer of the vehicle.

§ 4

Where design or production defects are identified after the type-approval of a type of motor vehicle or trailer, the competent Republic authority shall require the manufacturer or importer to remove them and shall set a reasonable time limit; may also, depending on the seriousness of the defects, prohibit the placing in service of such vehicles and, where appropriate, the placing in service of such vehicles by the manufacturer or importer, until the defects have been remedied. The costs associated with the removal of defects shall be borne by the manufacturer or, where appropriate, by the importer.

§ 5

(1) The competent authority of the Republic shall send a copy of the decision on the type-approval of a motor vehicle or trailer with a "Basic technical description of the approved vehicle type ', the decision to amend that approval, as well as the measures provided for in Section 4 to the Federal Ministry of Transport.

(2) The competent republican authority, or, where appropriate, the Federal Ministry of Transport, may at any time at the manufacturer, importer, sales organisation or repair plant (service) check that the motor vehicles and their trailers conform to the approved type and that the conditions laid down at the time of approval of the technical capacity are complied with.

§ 6

Maintenance of motor vehicles and their trailers

(1) All socialist organisations must ensure that the motor vehicles and their trailers they operate are maintained in good technical and visual condition; In doing so, they shall follow the instructions for use and maintenance which both manufacturers and importers are required to supply for each vehicle and shall follow the guidelines issued by the competent Republic authority or, with its approval, by the sectoral central administration.

(2) The national committees shall check that the organisation complies with the obligations imposed on them in paragraph 1.

§ 7

Construction of individual motor vehicles

Consent to the construction of an individual motor vehicle (§ 3 (1)) shall be given if the built vehicle is different from the vehicles manufactured or imported in bulk and

(a) a special vehicle intended to carry out important special transport tasks or to remove hygienically defective, strenuous or dangerous hand-work during loading and unloading;

(b) the sports vehicle and the motorist organisation recommend the application; However, the construction of a sports vehicle shall not be authorised if it is clear from the documentation attached that the modifications which will make the vehicle different from mass-produced or imported vehicles are such that the intended target can be more favourably achieved by adjusting such vehicles;

(c) construction of a vehicle with new design features if the applicant submits, with technical documentation, a recommendation from the Institute for Research on Motor Vehicles; new design elements shall not be regarded as such modifications and changes that can be made and tested on mass-produced vehicles or that occur on foreign-produced vehicles;

(d) the construction of a motor vehicle (cart) for disabled persons whose physical condition does not allow the use of mass-produced or imported motor vehicles, nor can the vehicle be appropriately modified.

§ 8

Rebuilding of a motor vehicle 5)

(1) Consent to the rebuilding of a motor vehicle may not be granted if:

(a) the conversion of the vehicle into a bus, except for special vehicles with a machine bottom or a body;

(b) conversion of the tilting vehicle to another species.

(2) The mass rebuilding and modernization of motor vehicles (Section 3 (1)) requires the consent of the competent Republic authority which sends a copy of its consent to the Federal Ministry of Transport.

§ 9

Approval of technical competence of vehicle parts and accessories

(1) The technical competence of parts and accessories of road safety vehicles is approved by the competent republican authority with regard to the use on a vehicle type on the basis of the samples submitted and on the basis of:

(a) the decision of the competent national service, if the products are intended for approval under the State testing rules, 6)

(b) in other cases, a certificate from the Examination Office, authorised by the Federal Ministry of Transport after consultation with the competent Republic authorities. 7)

(2) Types of fire extinguishers (§ 81) are approved by the Republic Ministry of the Interior - main fire protection management.

§ 10

Vehicles for public passenger transport

(1) Buses and passenger bus trailers must comply with the special conditions laid down for their construction and operation in Part Two and Part Five of this Decree.

(2) If these conditions have not been taken into account in the approval of the technical competence of an individual vehicle or its type, the technical competence shall be checked by the Public Security Transport Inspectorate. The result shall be recorded in the vehicle's technical capacity.

(3) For the bulk transport of passengers, under the conditions laid down in the Special Regulations (8), a freight forklift or a rolling tractor trailer may also be used.

§ 11

Approval of the technical competence of trolleybuses and trams

Approval of the technical competence of trolleybuses and trams shall also be subject to the regulations applicable to railway vehicles. 9)

ČÁST DRUHÁ

Motor and trailers

§ 12

Dimensions of motor vehicles and their trailers and their combination 10)

(1) The maximum permissible dimensions of the motor vehicles and their trailers and their combination ("the combination"), including the load, are:

a) celková šířka	2,50 m,
přívěsů za motocyklem	1,00 m,
zemědělských a lesnických strojů uvedených v § 72 a 73	3,00 m,
tramvají	2,65 m;
b) celková výška (včetně sběračů tramvají a trolejbusů v nejnižší pracovní poloze)	4,00 m;
c) celková délka vozidla jednotlivého (solo)	12,00 m,
- kloubového autobusu a trolejbusu	18,00 m,
- soupravy motorového vozidla s návěsem	15,00 m,
- soupravy motorového vozidla s jedním přívěsem	18,00 m,
- soupravy motorového vozidla s dvěma přívěsy nebo s návěsem a jedním přívěsem	22,00 m,
- přípojných vozidel za osobní automobil (včetně oje)	8,00 m,
- tramvaje (solo) včetně spřáhel	18,00 m,
- soupravy tramvají a kloubové tramvaje včetně spřáhel	40,00 m;
d) největší přípustná délka převisu u autobusů a trolejbusů nesmí být větší než 1/3 celkové délky, nejvýše však	3,50 m.

(2) The maximum width of the vehicle may extend forward and rearward by tilting or easily flexible parts of rear-view mirrors, tyres near the ground, chains or similar devices mounted on the wheels of the vehicle; side direction indicator lamps shall not exceed the maximum width of the vehicle by more than a few centimetres.

(3) Vehicles and sets - with the exception of trams and sets thereof - may, when passing a 360 degree circular corner with an external radius of 12 m, occupy a gauge of not more than 6 m of road width; no part of the vehicle or set shall exceed by more than 0,8 m the tangent of the outer circle of the turn when approaching the said bend. The mean value from the external trace diameters of the turn of an individual vehicle when turning left and right may not be more than 20 m. 11)

(4) The provisions of paragraph 3 shall not apply to vehicles whose technical competence has been approved before the date of application of this Decree.

§ 13

External surfaces and marking of vehicle and vehicle contours

(1) No part of the vehicle (except for single-track vehicles) shall protrude from the external surfaces of the vehicles in such a way as to endanger the safety and continuity of road traffic and could cause any further injury or damage to the accident; in particular, they shall not be on the front, rear and lateral parts of the vehicle, the bodywork, the machine underside and their parts sharp edges, spikes and outlets (ornamental articles, fittings, side-closure etc.). Door handles shall be designed and installed on the vehicle in such a way as to eliminate the risk of catching a pedestrian, cyclist or other road user.

(2) Trucks and buses of bonnet or semi-bonnet with a total mass of not less than 5,5 tonnes shall have at the front of the driver's field of view a device (s) to indicate the largest width of the vehicle or set. This device shall be at least readily submissive or equivocally fixed to the vehicle in the direction of travel of the vehicle. 12)

(3) Vehicles with a width of more than 2,5 m or 2,65 m for trams, self-propelled agricultural and forestry harvesting machinery (§ 72), mobile machinery (§ 73) and working machinery and special vehicles carrying out driving or standing on a road [§ 53 (1) (d)] shall be marked with red and white stripes on the front and rear faces as close as possible to the lower and lateral contours of the vehicle, as wide as possible, at an angle of 45 ° from the vertical plane. The width of the coloured stripe shall be 70 to 80 mm. The minimum area of this marking shall be 0,1 m2, having a rectangular shape of at least 250 mm on the side. In cases where the structure of the vehicle does not permit the marking of warning coloured stripes on the fixed part of the vehicle, the marking may be made on removable shields which must be affixed to the vehicle when moving on the road.

(4) The use of wing nuts of wheels and their ornamental imitation after 1.1.1973 shall be prohibited.

(5) The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 do not apply to vehicles whose technical competence has been approved before the date of application of this Decree.

§ 14

Axle load and vehicle total mass; load of pulley for belt vehicles 13)

(1) In the case of motor vehicles and their trailers fitted with tyres, the static road load shall not exceed:

a) u jednoduché nápravy	10 t,
`b)` u dvounápravy s dílčím rozvorem
od 1,0 m do 1,1 m	11,5 t,
přes 1,1 m do 1,2 m	13 t,
přes 1,2 m do 1,3 m	14,5 t,
přes 1,3 m do 2,0 m	16 t,

However, the static road load by one axle shall not exceed 10 tonnes.

The two axles are two single axles in succession, the centres of which, at full load, are at least 1 m apart (partial wheelbase) but not more than 2 m apart; If the wheelbase is less than 1 m, it shall be considered as a single axle.

(2) If the vehicle has wheels which are not fitted with tyres (e.g. full rubber hoops or flexible hoops equivalent to them), the static load on the road shall not be more than 4 tonnes per axle.

(3) The maximum permissible total mass shall be:

a)	u vozidel se dvěma nápravami	16 t,
b)	u vozidel se třemi nápravami	22 t,
c)	u vozidel se čtyřmi a více nápravami	32 t,
d)	u kloubového autobusu	28 t,
e)	u jízdní soupravy	38 t,
f)	u pásových vozidel	18 t.

(4) In the case of vehicles moving partly or entirely on rubber belts, the load of one guide pulley on a straight road must not exceed 1,5 t. In the case of vehicles with a total mass of more than 8 tonnes, the guide pulleys shall be so positioned that, on the standing vehicle, the load of the guide pulleys raised by 60 mm is not more than twice the load of the guide pulleys permitted on a flat road.

(5) The belt vehicle may load the road between the first and the last leading pulley not more than 4 tonnes per 1 m of road. The load may be 6 tonnes per 1 m of road if the mass is divided into two consecutive pairs of belts or one axle and one pair of belts and the distance between the centres of the front and rear seating area is at least 3 m.

(6) The load on individual driven and driving axles of motor vehicles, with the exception of agricultural and forestry tractors, must in no case - measured at standstill on a horizontal road - fall below 20% (for buses below 25%) of the vehicle's immediate mass.

(7) It is permitted to connect vehicles to the set under conditions that:

- the ratio of the immediate mass of the tractor and trailer or semi-trailer, or, where applicable, of the tractor and of the two trailers or tractor and of the semi-trailer with a trailer, for sets with a maximum design speed of 25 km / h, not more than 1: 1,4, for sets with a maximum design speed of 25 km / h, not more than 1: 2,5, for non-axle trailers, not more than 1: 3,

- the centre vehicle of the set shall be of a higher or the same immediate mass as the last vehicle of the set,

- the load in each vehicle of the set must be evenly distributed and properly secured.

§ 15

Brakes

(1) The service braking shall allow control of the movement of the vehicle and its effective, reliable and rapid stopping at all load sizes and speeds and on all slopes which are applicable when the vehicle is in service. It must be fluently manageable. 14) The driver shall be able to control the service braking authority without changing the torso position from his seat without removing both hands from the steering of the vehicle. 15)

(2) The emergency braking shall allow the vehicle to stop in the event of a failure of service braking provided that at the same time no more than one failure of service braking occurs. The emergency braking shall be fluently steerable and shall operate on at least one wheel on each side of the vehicle along its vertical longitudinal plane of symmetry. The driver shall be able to control the emergency braking from his seat without changing the torso position and shall control the steering of the vehicle with at least one hand. 15)

(3) The parking brake shall allow for the maintenance of a stationary vehicle or combination or trailer disconnected from the towing vehicle on a slope (climb or fall) in the absence of the driver (§ 16 (25)). The actuating elements of the parking braking system itself shall be maintained in the brake position solely by mechanical parts. The braking shall be applied to at least one wheel on each side of the vehicle along its vertical longitudinal plane of symmetry. The driver shall be able to control the parking braking from his seat without changing the torso position, 15) in the case of trailers pursuant to Paragraph 17 (12).

(4) The relief brake shall allow the speed limitation of the vehicle or its retention while the slope is rolling. Her job is not to stop the vehicle. The driver shall be able to control the relief brake without changing the torso position from his seat and shall control the steering of the vehicle with at least one hand. 15)

(5) The continuous braking of vehicles connected to the assembly shall be a system braking which meets the following conditions:

(a) has a single control device by which the driver can continuously control the braking of the set by a single movement from his position;

(b) the energy used to brake the assembly is supplied by one source and by the same source as the muscular force of the driver;

(c) the braking system ensures simultaneous or reasonably timed braking of individual vehicles, regardless of their relative positioning in the set.

(6) The semi-continuous braking of vehicles connected to the assembly shall be a system braking which satisfies the conditions laid down for continuous braking referred to in paragraph 5 (a) and (c); However, the energy for this semi-continuous braking of vehicles of the assembly is supplied by two different sources (one of them may be the muscular force of the driver).

(7) Self-braking shall stop trailers in the event of failure of the coupling, including the fault of the coupling device without jeopardising the braking performance of the rest of the braking system.

(8) Parking and emergency braking systems, if fitted with a separate control, and a combination of parking and emergency braking systems with a common control, must allow for continuous braking of the vehicle (s) under at least the conditions specified for the performance of the parking braking of each type of vehicle and of the sets.

(9) The braking shall be achieved by using the forces produced when approaching the trailer to the towing vehicle.

(10) The types of brake tests (16) to verify the prescribed braking performance are:

(a) the Type-0 test is a basic measurement of the performance of the service and emergency braking. The braking performance shall be measured at cold brakes by measuring the stopping distance according to the initial speed or by measuring the rise time of the braking performance and the mean fully developed deceleration,

(b) the Type I test is a test of the decrease in service braking performance after heating; This test is carried out

- in the case of cars and road tractors, by detecting the braking performance of the brakes heated by repeated braking, or

- in the case of trailers with a total mass of more than 3,5 t, by detecting a decrease in the braking performance of the brakes heated by continuous braking when driving down a short slope,

(c) Type II test is a test of the vehicle's long slope braking (6 per cent descent) with the engine connected and the relief brake when fitted;

(d) the Type III test is a vehicle braking test other than by operating, emergency and parking braking when driving down a long slope (7 per cent of descent) with the engine connected and the relief brake.

(11) The filling holes (throats) of the balancing tanks for hydraulic transmission brakes must be easily accessible and well protected. The levelling tank (s) for the liquid shall be designed and positioned in such a way as to allow easy visual inspection of the level without the need to remove the cap. If liquids from the same balancing tank with a common filling neck are used for several hydraulic transmissions (brake circuits, couplings, etc.), this container shall be so designed that the leakage of the liquid due to failure of any system does not jeopardise the operation of other systems connected to the container.

(12) In the case of vehicles equipped with liquid brake systems, both design and implementation must ensure the possibility of using brake fluid complying with the relevant standard. 17)

(13) Vehicles equipped with a brake system operated in full or in part by an energy storage device which, without such energy, cannot be stopped with the prescribed performance, shall be equipped with, in addition to the manometer, a warning device directly and permanently connected to the system that notifies opticy18) or acoustically that the amount of energy in any part of the braking system or valve having an equivalent function has fallen to a value equal to or less than 65% of the full operating value; for spring brakes, paragraph 23 (f) applies. The optical warning device shall give a red signal in the driver's field of view, visible even in daylight. This signalling device shall be so designed that the driver can easily check that the signal lamp is operational. The acoustic signal shall clearly and significantly alter the interior noise spectrum of the vehicle at the driver's position at the otherwise highest noise level.

(14) In the case of a parking braking system with a booster, the operation and effect of the parking braking shall be ensured even in the event of a failure of the booster, including by means of a reservoir independent of the normal energy storage device, if necessary. This container may be a service braking container. The term "operation 'also includes the release of the brake.

(15) By-products may only draw their energy provided that the energy supply for braking does not fall below the level specified in paragraph 13, even in the event of an energy source failure. However, other appliances shall not, in any case, draw their energy from the spring brake circuits and the continuous braking coupling line.

(16) The energy sources and energy storage devices for braking shall meet the following conditions:

(a) where a motor vehicle braking system (compressor, pump) is necessary for the operation of motor vehicles, the storage of the braking energy shall be such that, even after stopping the power source, both the service and emergency braking are capable of stopping the vehicle at least once with the prescribed effect;

(b) vehicles in respect of which pressure air is required for the operation of the braking system and whose braking system does not allow at least the equivalent braking performance prescribed for emergency braking without any supply of pressure air, shall be equipped with air pumps meeting the following requirements in terms of volume:

(ba) the air pumps of motor vehicles shall be such that, after eight full service braking actuators, the braking performance prescribed for emergency braking can still be ensured; (19) after eight full lifts, the pressure in the control line at the next stroke shall not be less than half the value recorded at the first brake application;

(bb) the airwaves of trailers shall be such that, after eight full actuations of the service braking system of the towing motor vehicle, the pressure supplied to the brake cylinders does not fall below half of the value recorded during the first braking; 20)

The requirements in (ba) and (bb) apply to the brakes adjusted to the smallest control stroke.

(17) The energy storage devices for air and air-liquid brakes shall be fitted to the vehicle in such a way that the discharge device is at the lowest point of the tanks and is directed down to the ground. The discharge device shall be so designed that the discharge condensate does not stain the operator. For buses and passenger bus trailers, the device shall be so designed as to be easily operable from the side of the vehicle or from the driver's seat without any tools.

(18) The force of the brakes resulting from their wear shall be easily identifiable by hand or by reliable automatic equipment; In addition, the control, transmission and own brakes shall show a lift reserve such that, when the brakes are heated or when the brake lining is worn, the braking effect is ensured without having to be adjusted immediately. For vehicles with a total mass of not less than 5,5 tonnes, with the exception of agricultural and forestry tractors, a check on the thickness of the brake lining shall be possible without disassembly of the brake drums and shields.

(19) The resistance of brake lines and energy storage devices against external surface corrosion shall be such that galvanising of a thickness of 12 microns on steel is equivalent. The resistance of energy storage devices to internal corrosion shall be at least equal to the resistance to external corrosion in terms of durability.

(20) The connection of the air or mixed braking systems of vehicles in sets shall be carried out by an approved air or mixed braking system to ensure interchangeability in the assemblies, with one hose (filling branch), which is used to fill the energy storage device of the trailer braking system with pressure air and automatic braking, and with the other hose (control branch) to control the braking of the trailer; the pressure in the braking cylinders of the trailer is required to increase directly in proportion to the pressure in the coupling control arm. The hose shall be braided with soft galvanised wire or be made in two different layers; they must be discarded if they are so damaged that the knitting link or the lower layer is broken. The coupling of the vehicle hoses shall be carried out after 1.1.1975 approved by 21) with ECE-type coupling heads. For a transitional period up to this date, heads, if they do not have mechanical protection against incorrect wiring, shall be marked in colour, filling red and control blue. The provisions of this paragraph shall not apply to special motor vehicles referred to in Sections 70 and 72, which shall be equipped with coupling heads according to the relevant technical standards, 22) and mobile machinery (Section 73) which may, by their nature, be fitted with either ECE-type or technical standards. 22)

(21) The coupling heads of the trailer combination shall be mounted firmly on the towing vehicle; the flexible coupling brake hose with the relevant coupling head (counter) shall be permanently mounted on the trailer. The coupling heads of the semi-trailer assembly shall be with the flexible coupling brake hose part of the towing vehicle; the semi-trailer shall have a coupling head (s) mounted firmly. The coupling heads of the ECE type of the towing vehicle shall be equipped with an automatic device ensuring, without manual interference, the connection of the manifold when the heads are connected and the closure of the pipe on the towing vehicle when the heads are disconnected.

(22) The air brake systems shall be equipped with connections for control pressure measurements in the system. For brake cylinders, the connections shall be the first and last axles (or in the pipe branching on the axle) and for the necks of those airbags from which air is directly drawn into the brake cylinders.

(23) For vehicles whose technical capability will be approved after 1.1.1974, the braking systems containing spring brakes shall meet the following additional conditions:

(a) spring brakes shall not be used for service braking;

(b) at all pressure sizes which may be within the chamber filling circuit from which the spring is compressed (hereinafter referred to as "chamber" in this paragraph), a small change in this pressure shall not result in a major change in braking force;

(c) the filling circuit of the chambers shall contain an energy supply which is not collected for any other device; This provision does not apply if springs can be maintained in a compressed state by at least two systems independent of each other,

(d) the system shall be so designed that the brakes can be brake and released at least three times during the interruption of this part of the assembly by pressure air, based on the initial pressure in the chamber equal to the maximum operating pressure; This applies to the brakes adjusted to the minimum control stroke,

(e) the pressure in the chamber when the brakes are adjusted to the smallest control stroke of the spring start to brake shall not exceed 80 per cent of the minimum pressure normally available in the chamber, 23)

(f) if the chamber pressure falls to 90 per cent of the minimum pressure normally available, 23) the driver shall be alerted by the warning device (optical or acoustic);

(g) a vehicle equipped with spring brakes may draw a trailer with a continuous or semi-continuous braking device if the automatic entry into operation of these spring brakes also activates the brakes of the trailer;

(h) the braking performance prescribed in Paragraph 16 (17) shall be satisfied, even if the linings of each spring cylinder brake on the vehicle are worn to the permissible level indicated by the vehicle manufacturer;

(i) the spring brakes shall be so designed that in the event of a failure (24) they can be released without the use of their normal control. This requirement can be met by auxiliary equipment (air, mechanical, etc.); where the use of tools or keys is necessary to control this device, such tools or keys shall be found in the vehicle.

(24) Motor vehicles shall be so designed that, in addition to the performance of the normal braking system, i.e. service, emergency and relief braking, it can be slowed down by the passive braking effects of the engine and the transmission train. 25)

(25) The provisions of paragraph 3, last sentence, and paragraphs 11, 12, 13, 16, 18, 19, 23 and 24, do not apply to vehicles whose technical competence has been approved before the date of application of this Decree; the two-line coupling system referred to in paragraph 20 shall be equipped with, at the latest, 1.1.1974, the control connections in the air brake system referred to in paragraph 22, not later than 1.1.1975.

§ 16

Brakes for cars and road tractors

(1) A set of vehicle braking devices and road tractors with a maximum design speed of more than 25 km / h shall comply, unless otherwise specified, with the conditions laid down for service, emergency and parking braking and, where applicable, relief braking. 26)

(2) Equipment providing service, emergency and parking braking may have common parts under the following conditions:

(a) they must have at least two independent controls on them;

(b) the control and service braking transmission shall be independent of the control and parking braking transmission;

(c) if a common control is used for service and emergency braking, the connection between the control and each part of the transmission shall not change during the operation of the vehicle;

(d) if a common control is used for service and emergency braking, the parking braking system shall be so designed that it can operate even when the vehicle is moving;

(e) the failure of a part of the braking system other than its own brakes or the failure of the parts referred to in paragraph 4 or any other failure or failure in the service braking system (malfunction, partial or complete exhaustion of the energy supply) shall not prevent the emergency braking system or the part of the service braking system which is not affected by the failure from stopping the vehicle under the conditions prescribed for emergency braking.

(3) If the control and transmission of the emergency braking system are the same as for service braking, the following conditions shall be met:

(a) if the service braking is provided by the muscular energy of the driver with a strong energy from one or more storage tanks, the emergency braking shall, in the event of failure of such strengthening, remain provided by the driver's muscular energy itself, supported, where appropriate, by that energy source which is not affected by the failure; while the controls must not exceed the prescribed maximum values (§ 25),

(b) where the performance of service braking and the transmission of its system is provided exclusively by the driver-driven energy supply, there shall be at least two independent energy storage devices on the vehicle, as well as independent transmission of the braking systems; each transmission shall be capable of operating only on the brake of two or more wheels selected so that it can provide the emergency braking itself without deterioration of the directional stability of the vehicle during braking; each of the energy storage devices shall be equipped with a sensor that activates the warning signal provided for in Paragraph 15 (13);

(c) the failure of any part of the hydraulic transmission shall be indicated to the driver by a red signal light in the driver's visual field before or when the brakes are used; the light shall have a significantly higher intensity than the other control lights to ensure its safe visibility even in daylight; This signalling device shall be so designed that the driver can easily check that the signal lamp is operational; any failure of the part of the signalling device shall not cause a complete loss of performance of the braking system.

(4) In particular, the following mechanical parts of the braking equipment (e.g. steering mechanism) shall be considered as inviolable if they are richly dimensioned, are easily accessible for maintenance and give at least the safety guarantees required for other essential parts of the vehicle (e.g. the steering mechanism): the pedal and its attachment, the main cylinder and its piston (for liquid systems), the brake (for air systems), the connection between the pedal and the main cylinder or brake device, the brake cylinders and their pistols (for liquid or air-pressure systems), and the keys of the brake system with the key lever. If the failure of one of these parts would prevent the braking of a vehicle with the effect prescribed for emergency braking, this part shall be of metal or material of equivalent characteristics and shall not be deformed more substantially in the normal operation of the braking system.

(5) In the case of separate operating and emergency braking controls, neither operational nor emergency braking shall prevent the simultaneous operation of both systems, whether the two braking systems are in failure-free condition or one of them fails.

(6) The service braking system must ensure - irrespective of whether it has common parts of the emergency braking system or not - that, in the event of a failure in part of its transmission, a sufficient number of wheels selected by the service braking control are still brake, so that its residual braking performance is equal to or greater than 30 per cent of the performance prescribed for the relevant vehicle category. 27) This provision shall not apply to semi-trailer tractors if the transmission for service braking of the semi-trailer is independent of the transmission of the tractor brakes. For passenger cars (M1), buses not exceeding a total mass of 5 t (M2) and lorries of a total mass not exceeding 12 t (N1 and N2), in unladen condition satisfying the remaining braking performance equal to or greater than 25% of the prescribed effect; In addition, in the case of passenger cars, the residual braking performance prescribed for both unladen and laden condition achieved by force on the service braking control may be greater than 490 N (50 kPa) but not exceeding 686,5 N (70 kPa).

(7) If the control of car brakes and road tractors is provided exclusively by a driver-driven power supply, only one power source (air compressor, hydraulic pump) may be available; However, the power supply must be driven with great safety. In the event of failure of the part of the transmission of the brakes, replenishment (supply) of the part of the system not affected by the failure shall continue to be ensured if this is necessary for the permanent possibility of stopping the vehicle with the effect prescribed for emergency braking. This requirement shall be capable of being met by devices which can be easily actuated by a stationary vehicle or by an automatic device.

(8) The conditions of paragraphs 2, 3, 6 and 7 must be met without the use of an automatic braking device of a type the failure of which could not be observed because its parts which are normally in a resting position only operate in the event of a failure in the braking system.

(9) The service braking shall be applied to all wheels of the vehicle. Its effect shall be divided into axles and wheels of the same axle in proportion to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle or road tractor in such a way that the vehicle does not deviate from the direction of travel or block any of the wheels during braking with the prescribed performance.

(10) Vehicles and road tractors with air brakes whose technical capacity will be approved after 1.1.1973, and other lorries whose technical capacity will be approved after 1.1.1974, must be approved 28) with regard to safety in service braking under different loading conditions and under different adhesion conditions. 29)

(11) The service, emergency and parking braking systems must operate on the braking surfaces still connected to the wheels by parts of a sufficiently robust structure. In the case of emergency and service braking systems, disconnection of the braking surface from the wheels shall be permitted only if such disconnection is only temporary, for example when gear shifting, and if the service or emergency braking continues to have the prescribed effect. For parking braking, disconnection of brake surfaces from the wheels is permitted provided that only the driver can perform them from his position (s) by means of a device which cannot be actuated by leakage.

(12) In the case of vehicles and road tractors intended for towing trailers whose brakes are controlled by the driver of the towing vehicle, the service braking system of the towing vehicle shall be equipped with a device ensuring that the towing vehicle can still be braking with the effect prescribed for emergency braking if the trailer brakes fail or the pneumatic connections (or other type of connection) between the towing vehicle and the trailer are interrupted. The device shall be located on the towing vehicle.

(13) The service braking system for vehicles and road tractors intended for towing trailers with a total mass greater than 3,5 t shall be continuous or semi-continuous when the trailer is connected to the combination.

(14) For vehicles and road tractors designed to tow trailers with a total mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes, the following conditions shall be met:

(a) as soon as the emergency braking of the towing vehicle comes into effect, the trailer or semi-trailer shall simultaneously be driven;

(b) if the service braking system of a towing vehicle consists of at least two independent circuits, in the event of a failure in that system, part or part of it which is not affected by that failure, the brakes of the trailer or semi-trailer shall be fully or partly activated; the braking performance of the trailer or semi-trailer shall be continuously manageable;

(c) in the event of failure or leakage of one of the branches of pneumatic connections (or of any other type of connection used), the driver must be able to activate the brakes of the trailer or semi-trailer in whole or in part, by the operating or emergency braking control or by another control, unless the failure or leakage of the pressure medium has automatically activated the braking of the trailer or semi-trailer.

(15) In the case of vehicles (in particular with air or mixed braking systems) which are not intended for towing trailers, the time between the moment when the driver begins to operate on the service braking control and the moment when the brake cylinder pressure placed on the vehicle is the most unfavourable in terms of filling time shall not exceed 75% of its asymptomatic value, more than 0,5 s.30) In the case of braking, the time at which the pressure in the brake cylinder placed on the vehicle shall not be the most unfavourable from the point of view of the discharge time shall fall from 75% of its asymptomatic value to 10% of its asymptomatic value, more than 1 s.31)

(16) In the case of cars and road tractors (in particular with air or mixed brake systems) intended for towing trailers, the following requirements must be met with regard to reaction time and synchronisation of braking systems: 31)

(a) between the moment when the driver begins to operate on the service braking control and the moment when the pressure in the brake cylinders placed on the most unfavourable axle with regard to the filling time reaches 75 per cent of its asymptomatic value, the time shall not exceed 0,6 seconds. In the case of unbraking, the time at which the pressure in the brake cylinders placed in relation to the discharge time on the most unfavourable axle shall not fall from 75% of its asymptotic value to 10% of its asymptotic value to more than 1 s;

(b) when measured on a car or road tractor without a trailer and without a semi-trailer, but with a full coupling head, the time between the moment when the driver starts operating on the service braking control and the moment when the pressure in the control line of the coupling line measured immediately behind the coupling head is reached, shall not be

- 10% of its asymptotic value greater than 0,2 s,

Citation	Decree of the Federal Ministry of Transport No. 32 / 1972 Coll., on the conditions of use of vehicles on the road
Regulation Type	-
Author	-
Collection	Code of Laws

Date of Promulgation	26.06.1972
Effective from	01.07.1972
Effective until	-
Status	Valid

Decree No. 32 / 1972 Coll.

Decree of the Federal Ministry of Transport on the conditions of use of vehicles on the road

Contents

ČÁST PRVNÍ

§ 1

§ 2

§ 3

§ 4

§ 5

§ 6

§ 7

§ 8

§ 9

§ 10

§ 11

ČÁST DRUHÁ

§ 12

§ 13

§ 14

§ 15

§ 16

Contents

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