Decree No. 170 / 1997 Coll.
Government Regulation laying down technical requirements for machinery
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Regulation
Effective from 01.09.1997
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170
GOVERNMENT REGULATION
of 25 June 1997
laying down technical requirements for machinery
The Government orders pursuant to Section 22 of Act No. 22 / 1997 Coll., on Technical Requirements for Products and on the Amendment and Addition of Certain Acts (hereinafter referred to as "the Act") to implement Sections 12 (1) and (4) and 13 (2) and (4) of the Act:
(1) This Regulation lays down technical requirements for machinery in accordance with the law of the European Communities (1) and with the international Treaty (2).
(2) For the purposes of this Regulation, machinery shall be regarded as:
(a) a machine by which a product consisting of parts or parts of which at least one is movable, of the relevant propulsion units, control and force circuits and other parts, linked to each other for the purpose of precise use, in particular processing, treatment, transport or packaging of the material;
(b) a group of machines which is a functionally connected set of machines organised and controlled as an integrated unit to achieve the application referred to in (a);
(c) interchangeable additional equipment, which is a machine which modifies the function of the machinery which is placed on the market for the purpose of connection to or use of machinery or a number of different machinery or tractor, which is not a spare part or tool.
(3) For the purposes of this Regulation, a component which is not an replaceable additional device referred to in paragraph 2 (c) and which is placed on the market separately in order to perform a safety function when using it and whose failure or malfunction endangers the safety or health of persons.
(5) If the manufacturer or, where applicable, the authorised representative or importer does not provide for the conformity assessment referred to in Article 3, the assessment shall be made by the person who places the machinery or safety component on the market. The conformity assessment referred to in Article 3 shall also be carried out by those who assemble machinery or parts thereof or security components of different origins or produce machinery or safety components for their own use.
(6) The conformity assessment shall not be carried out or shall not be ensured when an interchangeable additional device [Paragraph 1 (2) (c)] is attached to the machinery or tractor, provided that these parts are compatible and conformity has been assessed for each of these parts consisting of assembled machinery and bears the CE marking (Section 5a).
(1) The specified products under Section 12 (1) of the Act are machinery, with the exception of those listed in Annex 2.
(2) The technical requirements for machinery are set out in Annex 1 (hereinafter referred to as "essential requirements").
(3) Where a harmonised Czech technical standard (§ 4a of the Act) or a foreign technical standard transposing a harmonised European standard in the Member States of the European Community indicates one or more essential requirements for machinery and machinery are produced in accordance with that standard, the machinery thus manufactured shall be deemed to comply with the relevant essential requirements.
(4) Where the risks or risks for machinery or safety components referred to in this Regulation are contained, in whole or in part, in other government regulations specifying the risks or risks in question, then, as from the time of application of such regulations, those risks or risks for the machinery or safety components concerned shall not be covered by this Regulation or shall be waived from their application.
(5) Machinery of major electrical origin is subject to specific legislation (4)
(1) In the case of machinery, the manufacturer or, where appropriate, the authorised representative or importer shall carry out a conformity assessment with the essential requirements ("conformity assessment") by the following procedures (Section 12 (4) of the Act):
(a) for machinery not listed in Annex 4, the manufacturer or, where appropriate, the authorised representative or importer shall obtain the technical documentation referred to in Annex 3 and shall carry out, or ensure, conformity assessment [Paragraph 12 (4) (a) of the Act];
(b) for machinery listed in Annex 4 to this Regulation, the characteristics of which do not comply with the technical standards referred to in Article 2 (3), or where such technical standards do not specify all the essential requirements which apply to the machinery in question or for which such technical standards do not exist, their manufacturer or, where appropriate, the authorised representative or importer shall, prior to placing on the market, provide for an assessment of the conformity of a sample of the machinery ("EC type-examination") by an authorised person (Article 12 (4) (b) of the Act) in accordance with Annex 5 to this Regulation,
(c) for machinery listed in Annex 4 to this Regulation, the characteristics of which comply with the technical standards referred to in Article 2 (3) which specify all essential requirements, the manufacturer and, where appropriate, the authorised representative or importer at their choice:
1. draw up the technical documentation referred to in Annex 3 to this Regulation and send it to an authorised person (Article 11 (1) of the Act), which shall confirm the receipt and archive of the technical documentation;
2. submit the technical documentation referred to in Annex 3 to this Regulation to an authorised person who shall verify that the technical standards referred to in Article 2 (3) have been correctly used by the manufacturer,, authorised representative or importer, as appropriate, and draw up a certificate of completeness and suitability for conformity assessment technical documentation; or
3. submit a sample of EC type-examination machinery as referred to in Annex 5 to this Regulation.
(2) In the case of a safety component, the authorised person during the EC type-examination [procedure referred to in Article 3 (1) (b) or (c) (3)] shall also verify the suitability of the safety component to perform the safety functions declared by the manufacturer.
(3) Where products are also subject to other government regulations which relate to other essential requirements and also provide for the location of the CE marking, the CE marking shall also indicate compliance with the provisions of those other government regulations.
(4) However, if one or more of these regulations are allowed by the Government to choose a conformity assessment procedure during a transitional period, the CE marking (§ 5a) shall only indicate compliance with those regulations of the Government which have been applied. In this case, references to the government regulations applied are given in the documentation, instructions or instructions required by the government regulations and supplied with machinery.
(5) This Regulation shall not restrict the validity of technical regulations which contain the requirements necessary for the protection of persons and in particular workers when using the machinery or safety components concerned. In doing so, it is assumed that the method of modification of the machinery or safety components used complies with the essential requirements of this Regulation.
In the case of machinery [§ 1 (2) (a) and (b)] intended to be incorporated into another machinery or to be assembled with another machinery by creating machinery covered by this Regulation, the assessment of the conformity of its characteristics with the essential requirements shall not be carried out where the manufacturer or, where appropriate, the authorised representative or importer issues a declaration thereof (Annex 6 (3)). This provision does not apply to machinery capable of a separate function [§ 1 (2) (a) and (b)], to replaceable equipment and safety components [§ 1 (2) (c) and (3)].
The evidence of the conformity assessment method used (Section 13 (8) of the Act) shall include the technical documentation set out in Annex 3 to this Regulation and, where appropriate, documents issued when assessing conformity by an authorised person. In cases resulting from Article 13 (8) of the Act, the importer shall submit to the supervisory authority documentation in the language of one of the Member States of the European Union or in a language agreed with the supervisory authority.
(1) In the case of machinery, the CE marking is placed on the product instead of issuing a declaration of conformity. The CE marking may be used on machinery [Sections 1 (2) (a) to (c)] when the EC declaration of conformity referred to in Annex 6 (1) has been issued for them. The CE marking shall not be used for the safety component (Paragraph 1 (3)) and shall be issued for the EC declaration of conformity in accordance with Annex 6 (3).
(2) The CE marking shall be placed on machinery clearly and visibly in accordance with point 1.7.3 of Annex 1 to this Regulation. It shall be prohibited for machinery to place marks which could mislead third parties as regards the meaning and presentation of the CE marking. Any other marking may be affixed to machinery only if the visibility and legibility of the CE marking are not thereby reduced. The CE marking shall cover only machinery referred to in § 5a (1).
(3) At trade fairs, exhibitions, demonstrations, etc., machinery or safety components which do not comply with the provisions of this Regulation may be operated provided that they are visibly marked with a warning of this non-compliance and a notice that they are not intended for sale until compliance with this Regulation has been ensured by the manufacturer and, where appropriate, by an authorised representative. During the demonstration, the necessary measures are provided to protect persons.
(1) Machinery which will be placed on the market after the entry into force of this Regulation but no later than 30 June 1998 may only meet the technical requirements applicable under the legislation in force before the entry into force of this Regulation.
(2) For machinery which was not subject to approval under Act No. 30 / 1968 Coll., on State testing, as amended, before the entry into force of this Regulation, the conformity assessment procedure referred to in § 3 (1) (b) and (c) may be replaced by the conformity assessment procedure referred to in point (a) of that paragraph by 30 June 1998.
(3) For machinery to be placed on the market during the period from the entry into force of this Regulation until 31 December 1997, their manufacturer or importer may obtain the technical documentation referred to in Annex 3 (1) (c), (d) and (f) retrospectively, not later than 31 December 1997.
This Regulation shall enter into force on 1 September 1997.
Prime Minister:
Prof. Ing. Klaus CSc.
Minister for Industry and Trade:
JUDr. Kühnl v. r.
Příloha č. 1
Annex No. 1 to Decree No. 170 / 1997 Coll.
ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS
INTRODUCTORY PROVISIONS
(a) The essential health and safety requirements shall apply only if there is an appropriate risk to the machinery in question under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer. In any event, requirements 1.1.1, 1.7.3 and 1.7.4 shall apply to all machinery covered by this Regulation.
(b) The essential health and safety requirements laid down in this Regulation are binding. However, achieving the objectives identified by the essential requirements may not always be possible under the state of the art. In such a case, machinery must be designed and manufactured in such a way that these objectives are as close as possible.
(c) The essential health and safety requirements shall be grouped together according to the hazards involved. Machinery presents a series of hazards that may also be listed in several articles of this Annex. The manufacturer shall assess these hazards in such a way as to identify those applicable to his machine.
1. BASIC HYGIENIC AND SECURITY REQUIREMENTS
1.1 General
1.1.1. Nomenclature
For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions shall also apply:
(a) any area within and around the machinery in which a person is exposed to a danger to his health and safety;
(b) any person at risk who is in a dangerous area or parts of the body intervenes in that area;
(c) by service, the person or persons who install, service, adjust, maintain, clean, repair or transport machinery.
1.1.2 Principles for ensuring hygiene and safety
(a) Machinery shall be so designed as to perform its function when operating without putting persons at risk when the equipment is operated under conditions specified by the manufacturer. The purpose of the measures taken must be to eliminate or limit any danger of damage to the health during the anticipated life of the machinery, even if the risk of injury may occur in a foreseeable abnormal situation.
(b) When selecting the most appropriate means of minimising health hazards, the manufacturer shall comply with the following principles, in the following order:
1. eliminate or reduce the risk of health risks already in design and manufacture of machinery;
2. take the necessary measures for hazards which cannot be excluded,
3. Inform users of hazards which, despite the measures taken, persist to draw attention to the need for special training and to determine the need for personal protective equipment.
(c) When designing and manufacturing machinery and processing instructions for use, the manufacturer must anticipate not only the normal use of machinery but also other uses that can reasonably be expected.
Machinery shall be designed in such a way as to prevent non-normal use where such use could pose a risk. Where non-normal use cannot be excluded, the user's instructions for use shall indicate to the user the ways in which machinery is not to be used.
(d) Under the specified conditions of use, the causes of excessive physical, sensory, psychological and occupational discomfort and, at the same time, other ergonomic principles should be reduced to the minimum.
(e) When designing and manufacturing machinery, it is necessary for the manufacturer to take into account the restriction imposed by the operator on the intended use of personal protective equipment (e.g. footwear, gloves).
(f) Machinery shall be supplied with the necessary special equipment and accessories to enable the adjustment, maintenance and use of machinery without risk of injury and other health hazards.
1.1.3. Materials and products
Materials used for the manufacture of machinery or products used or produced during their use shall not endanger the safety and health of (endangered) persons.
In particular, where liquids are used, machinery shall be so designed as to avoid risks of filling, use, recovery or discharge.
1.1.4 Lighting
The machinery shall be equipped with lighting suitable for the operations in question, where the lack of illumination is likely to cause a risk, even when the total illumination of the appropriate intensity is present.
This lighting shall not cause disturbing shadows, glare and dangerous stroboscopic effects.
Internal parts requiring frequent inspection and adjustment and maintenance points shall be equipped with appropriate lighting.
1.1.5 Construction of machinery in terms of handling
Machinery or any part thereof shall:
(a) allow safe handling;
(b) be packed or modified so that they can be safely stored without damage (e.g. adequate stability, special supports).
Where the mass, dimensions or shape of the machinery or components do not permit manual handling, the machinery or any part thereof shall:
(a) be equipped with accessories for connection to the lifting device; or
(b) be so designed as to be fitted with this accessory (e.g. threaded holes); or
(c) have a shape such that they can be attached to a normal lifting device.
If machinery or parts thereof are to be moved manually, they shall be:
(a) readily transferable; or
(b) equipped for safe lifting and movement (e.g. handle).
Special measures must be taken in the case of handling of tools or parts of machinery (or both) and of low weight if they could be dangerous (shape, material).
1.2 Control
1.2.1 Safety and reliability of control systems
Controls and control systems shall be so designed as to be safe and reliable and to prevent dangerous situations. In particular, they must be carried out in such a way that:
(a) bear the burden of normal use and resist external influences;
(b) errors in the logic of use (e.g. sequence of steps) have not led to dangerous situations.
1.2.2 Controls and controls
The controls and controls shall be:
(a) clearly visible and distinguishable and appropriately marked where necessary;
(b) placed in such a way as to ensure safe and prompt (quick) control without any substitution;
(c) so that the direction and purpose of the movement of the control is identical to its effect (e.g. the movement of the controlled machinery);
(d) located outside the hazardous area, except for controls where necessary (e.g. emergency stop, robot programming control panel);
(e) placed in such a way that no further danger arises when they are controlled;
(f) carried out or protected in such a way that the desired effect, which may cause danger, cannot be induced unintentionally (e.g. by unwittingly moving);
(g) carried out in such a way as to withstand the expected stress; Special attention shall be paid to emergency stopping devices which may be subjected to considerable stress.
If the control device is designed and constructed to perform several different operations, in particular where there is no consistency between direction and purpose of control and effect (e.g. keyboard), the action to be performed shall be clearly displayed and, if necessary, confirmed.
The controls shall be so arranged that their location, movement and control forces are consistent with the action to be taken, taking into account ergonomic principles. Account should also be taken of restrictions caused by the necessary or anticipated use of personal protective equipment (e.g. footwear, gloves).
If information on the condition or activity of machinery cannot be obtained directly - sensory (especially vision, hearing), the machinery shall be equipped with tell-tales for safe operation (e.g. scales, signals). The tell-tales shall be visible and legible from the operating site.
From the main operating station, the operator shall be able to ensure that no persons are present in the danger area.
If this is not possible, the control system shall be so designed that an audible or light warning signal is issued before the machinery is started. The person at risk shall have the time and the possibility to prevent the machinery from being put into operation by immediate action.
1.2.3 Launching
The machinery shall be so designed that it can only be triggered by intentional action on the control intended for that purpose.
The same requirement applies when:
(a) re-start of the machinery after stopping it for any reason;
(b) a significant change in operating conditions (e.g. speed, pressure);
except for such putting into service or changes in operating conditions that are risk-free for vulnerable persons.
This essential requirement does not apply to the re-start of machinery or for change in the operating conditions resulting from the normal sequence of the automatic cycle.
If the machinery has several start-up controls and operators can therefore endanger each other, additional equipment (e.g. locking devices or switches or combinations thereof, allowing at one time to control only one trigger device) must be used to avoid such risk.
For the operation of an automatic automatic device in automatic mode, there shall be an easy start after interruption if the safety conditions have been met.
1.2.4 Stopping
Normal stop
Each machinery shall be equipped with a control device which allows its safe stopping.
Each position shall be equipped with a control to stop some or all moving parts of the machinery, depending on the type of danger. The stop command shall be superior to the launch command.
After stopping the machinery or its hazardous parts (or both), the power supply to the propulsion mechanisms concerned shall be interrupted.
Emergency stop
Each machinery shall be equipped with one or more emergency stopping devices to prevent any actual or imminent danger. That requirement does not apply to:
(a) a ceiling installation where the emergency stop equipment would not reduce the risk because it would either not shorten the period of stop or would not allow the necessary special risk measures to be applied;
(b) hand-operated machinery, machinery and hand-operated machinery.
Emergency stop devices shall:
(a) have clearly identifiable, clearly visible and readily accessible controls;
(b) stop the dangerous process as quickly as possible without creating any further danger;
(c) where necessary, initiate or increase the launch of safety-ensuring movements.
As soon as the active function of the emergency stop control is stopped after the command to stop, this command shall be insured by switching on the emergency stop device until such switching on is exceeded by the specified action. The emergency stop control may be switched off only by an appropriate action and the machinery must not be restarted by turning off the control, but must only be allowed to restart it.
Complex functional units
In the event that machinery or parts thereof are designed for a common function, the machinery shall be so designed that control devices and stop controls, including emergency stops, can stop not only the machinery itself, but also all previous or subsequent devices (or both) if their continued operation is dangerous.
1.2.5 Select mode
The selected control mode shall be superior to all other control systems except for an emergency stop.
Where machinery has been designed and constructed to provide different levels of safety (e.g. adjustment, maintenance, inspection) when used in different control or operating modes, it shall be equipped with a mode switch which shall be locked in each position. Each position of the switch shall correspond to one working or operating mode.
The switch can be replaced by other means of choice which allow the use of certain machine functions only to certain categories of operator (e.g. input codes for certain numerical functions).
If machinery is to work with disabled protective equipment in some operations, the mode switch shall simultaneously:
(a) disable automatic control mode;
(b) allow the machine to move only by a control with continuous action on the control;
(c) allow the operation of hazardous moving parts only under conditions of increased safety (e.g. reduced speed, reduced energy, step or other appropriate measures), thereby preventing the risk from the activities that follow;
(d) prevent any movement which could cause danger by intentional or unintentional action on sensors in machinery.
In addition, the operator must be able to control the operation of the parts on which it is working at the time of adjustment.
1.2.6. Power supply failure
The interruption, renewal after interruption or any change in the supply of energy to machinery shall not lead to a dangerous situation. Especially
(a) machinery must not be unexpectedly put into operation;
(b) the machinery must not be stopped if a stop command has already been issued;
(c) no moving part of the machinery or article held by the machinery shall fall out or be thrown out;
(d) the automatic or manual stop of any moving parts shall occur without difficulty;
(e) protective devices must remain fully effective.
1.2.7 Failure of control circuit
An error in the logic of the control circuit or its failure or damage shall not lead to dangerous situations. Especially
(a) machinery must not be unexpectedly put into operation;
(b) the machinery must not be stopped if a command has already been issued;
(c) no moving part of the machinery or article held by the machinery shall fall out or be thrown out;
(d) the automatic or manual stop of any moving parts shall be without difficulty;
(e) protective devices must remain fully effective.
1.2.8 Software
The operator-control or control system dialogue software shall comply with the user.
1.3 Protection against mechanical hazards
1.3.1. Stability
Machinery, components and accessories shall be designed and constructed in such a way that, under expected operating conditions (if necessary, even climatic conditions) are sufficiently stable without any risk of overturning, falling or unexpected movement during use.
If the shape of the machinery itself or its intended installation does not provide sufficient stability, the appropriate means of attachment in the instructions for use shall be included and indicated.
1.3.2. Destruction during operation
The various parts of the machinery and their coupling or coupling shall withstand the stress to which they are exposed when used by the manufacturer.
The durability of the materials used shall be proportionate to the nature of the environment envisaged by the manufacturer, in particular as regards material fatigue, ageing, corrosion and wear.
The type and frequency of inspections and maintenance required for safety reasons shall be indicated in the instructions for use. Where appropriate, parts of the exposed wear and conditions of replacement shall be indicated.
If, despite the measures taken, there is a risk of rupture or rupture (e.g. grinding discs), the moving parts shall be fixed and placed in such a way that they are restrained in the event of rupture.
Pipe or flexible lines for liquids or gases, especially high pressure, shall withstand assumed internal and external stress, be firmly attached or protected against all aggressive external influences. Measures shall be taken to ensure that there is no risk of rupture (e.g. movement, blast of the pressure medium).
If the processed material is submitted to the tool automatically, the following conditions must be met to protect the vulnerable (e.g. before breaking the tool)
(a) when the article comes into contact with the instrument, the instrument must be in normal working conditions;
(b) where the instrument is started or stopped (intentionally or accidentally), the movement of the object and the movements of the instrument shall be coordinated.
1.3.3. Falling or expelling articles
Measures must be taken to avoid risks caused by falling or thrown away objects (e.g. processed articles, tools, parings, fragments, waste).
1.3.4 Surfaces, edges and corners
The accessible parts of the machinery shall have, unless their purpose so requires, no sharp edges, sharp corners and rough surfaces which could cause injury.
1.3.5 Multi-purpose combined machinery
If machinery is to perform several different operations with manual removal of an object between individual operations (multi-purpose combined machinery), it shall be designed and constructed in such a way as to enable each part to be used separately, without creating any risk or risk to vulnerable persons.
To this end, each part which is not protected shall have the possibility of being brought into operation and of being stopped separately.
1.3.6 Changes in tool speed
When machinery is designed to perform operations under different conditions (e.g. different speed or energy), it shall be so designed that the selection and setting of these conditions can be performed safely and reliably.
1.3.7 Prevention of risks caused by moving parts
The moving parts of the machinery shall be so designed as to remove the danger and, where the danger persists, shall be provided with protective guards or protective devices in such a way as to prevent any risk of contact which could lead to accidents.
All necessary measures shall be taken to avoid accidental blocking of moving working parts. In cases where, despite the measures taken, the machinery may be blocked, it shall be equipped with appropriate special protective equipment, tools, instructions for use with the relevant instructions, or marking on the machinery for safe unlocking.
1.3.8 Choice of protection against risks caused by moving parts
The protective guards or protective devices used to protect against risks associated with moving parts shall correspond to the type of risk. The following principles shall apply.
1.3.8.1. Moving parts of the transfer
For those parts of machinery where protective covers are designed to protect vulnerable persons against risks caused by moving parts of the transmission (e.g. pulleys, belts, gears, toothed bars with pinion, shafts, pulleys, belts), they shall be covered:
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Regulation Information
| Citation | Government Decree No. 170 / 1997 Coll., laying down technical requirements for machinery |
|---|---|
| Regulation Type | Regulation |
| Author | - |
| Collection | Code of Laws |
| Date of Promulgation | 31.07.1997 |
|---|---|
| Effective from | 01.09.1997 |
| Effective until | - |
| Status | Valid |
The regulation text is for informational purposes only.
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