Decree of the Ministry of Industry and Trade No. 151 / 2001 Coll.
Decree of the Ministry of Industry and Trade laying down details of the efficiency of energy use in the distribution of heat energy and internal distribution of heat energy
Valid
Order
Effective from 03.05.2001
Text versions:
03.05.2001
151
DECLARATION
Ministry of Industry and Trade
of 12 April 2001
laying down details of the efficiency of energy use in the heat energy distribution and internal heat energy distribution
The Ministry of Industry and Trade provides pursuant to § 14 (5) of Act No. 406 / 2000 Coll., on Energy Management, ("the Act ') for the implementation of § 6 (2) of the Act:
Subject matter
(1) This decree lays down requirements for the efficiency of the use of energy for the distribution of heat and internal distribution of heat
(a) steam, hot water and hot water networks and networks for the distribution of hot commercial water and cold water, including connections, with the exception of cooling water from energy and technological processes which drain heat energy into the environment;
(b) transfer or exchange stations;
(c) equipment for the internal distribution of heat energy, including cold and hot water in buildings (hereinafter referred to as "internal distribution").
(2) The Decree provides for the method of detecting heat losses of heat distribution installations and internal heat distribution including cold and hot water.
Scope
(1) The Decree applies to newly established installations pursuant to § 1 (1) and to parts of installations referred to in § 1 (1) for which a change in completed buildings is carried out in the scope of a specific legislation, (1) (hereinafter referred to as "reconstruction of the installation").
(2) The decree covers newly established installations and the reconstruction of installations for which a building permit was issued after the date of entry into force of the decree.
Efficiency of thermal energy distribution
(1) The heat network is designed to make the annual use of its thermal energy transfer capability as large as possible. If the optimisation calculation demonstrates the advantage of a separate pipeline for operation outside the heating season, the pipeline shall be dimensioned according to the economic specific pressure loss.
(2) An hourly loss of circulatory water by leakage during operation in a closed thermal network may reach a maximum of 0,15% of the total system volume, while measures to reduce it are being taken for longer-term overruns. A value higher than 0,5% shall be considered a failure which shall be immediately removed by the operator of the thermal energy distribution installation concerned. The measures taken shall be recorded in the register.
(3) The efficiency of energy use in terms of transport is determined by the relationship A) set out in Annex 1.
(4) The efficiency of the use of energy in terms of heat losses is determined by the relationship B) set out in Annex 1.
(5) When designing new and reconstructing existing heat networks, a solution for which minimum energy efficiency in terms of heat energy transport ηc and efficiency in terms of heat loss ηz shall be used. Minimum values need not be observed if a more favourable solution is proposed based on an optimisation calculation comparing the different thickness and type of thermal insulation, the type and parameters of the heat carrier and the temperature difference and includes the cost of acquisition, in particular depreciation and interest on loans, as well as transport and heat losses, maintenance and service life.
(6) In operating conditions, the efficiency of energy use in terms of transport ηc and heat losses ηz shall be evaluated once a year.
Thermoplastic substance and its parameters in the heat distribution
(1) For heating and heating hot utility water and wherever it is sufficient for the purpose, preferably hot water up to 90 ° C or up to 110 ° C is chosen. Hot water above 110 ° C shall be used for large-scale heat networks intended to supply large-scale settlements, municipalities and distant customers. The steam as a heat transfer agent shall only be used where it is technically-justified and justified by the optimisation calculation, and in particular for technological purposes.
(2) The calculation temperature in the return line is chosen at a lower or equal to 70 ° C. A higher value than 70 ° C, mainly due to the accumulation of heat in the network, shall be justified by an optimisation calculation.
(3) Hot or hot water for heating shall be maintained at the temperature strictly necessary to ensure the supply of the heat energy needed to achieve the thermal comfort of the users of connected residential and non-residential spaces, in accordance with the climatic conditions during the heating season.
(4) The pressure in the hot water and hot water network shall be maintained in service at a level which ensures that no evaporation of water occurs in any part of the pipe or in the connected heat collection device. The return pipe shall be permanently pressurised.
(5) Steam parameters are selected in such a way that, in view of the loss of pressure and temperature in the network, the requirements of all connected customers are met and the condensation in the pipeline is limited in its transport. This shall also be taken into account when measuring the pipes.
(6) When reconstructing the steam heat network, steam as a heat transfer agent shall be replaced by hot or hot water in accordance with paragraph 1 in all parts or separate circuits to which heat energy is supplied for heating and heating of utility water or for technological purposes.
Internal thermal energy distribution
(1) Each heat-energy appliance shall be equipped with a closing capability, if its technical solution and use so permit. Each heating unit shall be equipped with a shut-off and control valve with a regulator to ensure local regulation and, in the case of a two-point connection, with a control screw, except in the case referred to in Article 8 (5).
(2) Each steam appliance or, in technically justifiable cases, a group of appliances shall be equipped with equipment, in particular an appropriately chosen condensate brainer, preventing steam entering the condensate pipe, except for condensate-side power control appliances. Each steam appliance in a group connection connected to a joint condensate closure shall be equipped with a feedback and closing fittings.
(3) For heating with forced circulation of heating water, the water temperature for the supply to the heating body up to 75 ° C is selected. For heating with natural circulation of heating water, the water temperature for the supply to the heating body is selected up to 90 ° C.
(4) To reduce the temperature and use of evaporation in the condensate system, vapours are installed to ensure condensate cooling below 100 ° C.
(5) The heat energy transferred to the heated space from an uninsulated pipeline shall be considered as a continuous thermal gain that is considered when designing the heat output of the heating bodies in accordance with Tables 1 and 2 of Annex 2, if the water temperature in the distribution is designed to be equal to or greater than 60 ° C. The connection line to the heating body shall be respected from a length of 2 m.
Heat insulation of thermal energy distribution and internal heat energy distribution for heating and technological purposes and for hot water distribution
(1) The part of the heat network which passes through a heat transfer agent having a temperature above 40 ° C is equipped with thermal insulation. If a condensate cooling is required below the specified temperature, the insulation shall not be installed on condensate pipes and tanks.
(2) Thermal insulation is protected against mechanical damage. The outer surface of the insulated pipe shall be adjusted to be resistant to external environment and sunlight. Moisture of thermal insulation is prevented by measures to protect against atmospheric moisture, in the case of duct-free design against ground moisture, in the case of ducts in ducts against intrusion of underground and surface water.
(3) Thermal insulation for internal conductors with a heat transfer agent up to 110 ° C is designed so that its surface temperature is less than 20 K higher than the ambient temperature and for internal conductors with a heat transfer material above 110 ° C by less than 25 K compared to the ambient temperature, unless otherwise specified by the project on the basis of technical and economic calculations.
(4) Thermal insulation shall be installed on all internal lines unless they are intended for heating or tempering the surrounding space.
(5) The insulation of fittings and flanges is performed as removable. Isolation is not required for fittings, where it would jeopardise their function or significantly complicate handling, especially for safety valves and condensate mats.
(6) The minimum thickness of heat insulation of fittings shall be chosen as for pipes of the same nominal light.
(7) When calculating the heat losses of the wiring, heat losses by fittings, storage and compensators are multiplied by the correction factor to the pipe length
(a) for channel-free storage 1,15,
(b) lead in channels 1,25,
(c) for overhead or ground lines 1,30.
(8) For thermal insulation of distribution, material having a coefficient of thermal conductivity of λ shall be used for distribution less than or equal to 0,045 W / m.K and for internal distribution less than or equal to 0,040 W / m.K (λ values given for 0 ° C), unless this is excluded by safety technical requirements.
(9) The thickness of thermal insulation for internal conductions up to DN 20 is selected ≥ 20 mm; for DN 20 to DN 35 it is selected ≥ 30 mm; for DN 40 to DN 100 it is selected ≥ DN; above DN 100 it is selected ≥ 100 mm. For internal distribution of plastic and copper pipes, the thickness of the thermal insulation is chosen according to the outer diameter of the pipe nearest to the outer diameter of the DN series. For distribution, the thickness of thermal insulation shall be determined by an optimisation calculation.
(10) For pipes in the wall, for the passage of the pipe through the ceiling, for the crossing of the pipe, for the connecting points, for the central distributor and for the connections to heating bodies not exceeding 8 m, half the thickness of the thermal insulation referred to in paragraph 9 shall be chosen.
(11) At λ values lower than those specified in paragraph 8, the minimum thermal insulation thickness de- d2 shall be determined by calculation so that the coefficient of heat transmittance related to the unit length of the pipe k is less than or equal to 0,35 W / m.K. The calculation shall be based on the relationship set out in Annex 3.
Transmission stations and their equipment
(1) Any heat energy source for central heating, or connected to it by a transfer station, shall be equipped automatically with a heating water temperature control device, in particular depending on the course of climatic conditions or outdoor temperature, in cooperation with the indoor temperature in the heated space or according to the load or vapour pressure regulator, to ensure the efficient management of heat energy and steady state between production and consumption. The requirement does not apply to solid fuel boiler rooms.
(2) A pressure difference of a level which allows the regulation of heating and hot water temperature in consumers shall be maintained in the sampling heat equipment.
(3) Transmission stations shall preferably be set up separately for individual customers. Multiple customer joint stations are replaced by individual customer stations during reconstruction. Where a derogation is used for serious reasons, it shall be demonstrated by an optimisation calculation.
(4) When designing regulation in transmission stations, the most advantageous method is chosen according to technical and economic calculation.
(5) Hot water heating at transfer stations is always handled as pressure independent with the separation of heating and heated heat transfer agents with a heat exchange area.
(6) The transfer station is equipped with automatic heating water temperature control. The type of regulation used shall be chosen according to the maximum available heat energy savings.
(7) For water primary distribution, new or reconstructed transfer stations shall be taken measures to prevent the maximum permissible flow on the primary side of the distribution from being exceeded by the customer. Heat limiters are installed on steam heating networks.
(8) Steam transfer stations are such stations where the primary heat carrier is water steam. For the supply of water vapour, provision shall be made to ensure that the primary heat transfer material at the point of connection of the transfer station is not wet steam.
(9) The internal thermal energy distribution in heat sources and transmission stations shall be provided by thermal insulation according to Section 6.
Regulation and management of heat energy supply
(1) Circulating pumps are dimensioned to the nominal flow and pressure loss of the main supply branch.
(2) Circulating pumps at transmission stations with a rated heat output above 50 kW shall be equipped with automatic continuous or at least three-stage speed control, unless safety-related technical indicators prevent this.
(3) Circulating pumps in heating systems with rated heat output above 50 kW shall be equipped with automatic continuous or at least three-stage speed control, unless safety-related technical indicators prevent this.
(4) Heat sources are equipped with automatic regulation to centrally reduce or disable the supply of heat energy, as well as to turn on and off electrical equipment depending on outdoor temperature or other determining variable. The choice of the type of regulation favours the requirement of maximum heat energy savings. The requirement does not apply to solid fuel boiler rooms.
(5) Consumers shall be equipped with local regulation to take into account heat gains from sunbathing and internal thermal gains. For groups of appliances and for groups of rooms of the same type and type of use in a non-byte object, group regulation is permitted.
(6) In order to ensure the economical, noise-free and failure-free operation of the whole heating system, circuits of individual vertical branches or more circuits forming a whole zone because of the heat gains of heated spaces or heating system forming a smaller separate unit with more than 70% of the heating bodies equipped with control valves with regulators shall be equipped with pressure differential regulators or volume flow regulators or automatic discharge devices, if the temperature requirement in the return pipe so permits.
(7) In the case of heat energy distribution and internal heating and hot utility water distribution, the flow adjustment shall be demonstrated by measuring in the individual heating system branches in such a way that they correspond to the rated maximum flow rate of ± 15%. Measurements shall be made when putting into service, after the removal of serious operational defects, when there is insufficient supply or overheating at a customer or consumer, and when there are changes in equipment affecting the pressure ratios in the network, in particular when new and undone existing customers or consumers. The protocol on measuring and setting of flow rates remains permanently stored with the operator of the divorce or internal divorce.
Heat insulation of hot water tanks and expansion vessels
(1) The minimum thickness of the thermal insulation of hot water storage tanks and open expansion vessels is 100 mm when the insulation material is used with a coefficient of thermal conductivity λ equal to or less than 0,045 W / m.K (reported at 0 ° C). For other values of thermal conductivity factors, the thickness of insulation shall be recalculated to achieve the same or better thermal insulation properties.
(2) The minimum thickness of the thermal insulation of passive storage tanks (storage containers) is 100 mm when the insulation material is used with a coefficient of thermal conductivity λ equal to or less than 0,04 W / m.K (declared at 0 ° C). For higher thermal conductivity coefficient values, the insulation thickness is recalculated to achieve the heat transfer coefficient to ≤ 0,30 W / m2.K.
(3) For long-term or seasonal heat exchangers, the thickness of thermal insulation is determined by an optimisation calculation.
Coolant distribution and thermal insulation
(1) Divisions with operating temperature + 15 ° C and lower have insulation thickness according to § 6 (9). For thermal insulation of distribution and internal distribution, material having a coefficient of thermal conductivity λ less than or equal to 0,038 W / m.K (λ values given for 0 ° C) shall be used.
(2) The lower the surface temperature of the distribution, the better insulation with lower thermal conductivity coefficient is chosen.
(3) The surfaces, joints and fronts of thermal insulation shall be provided with an appropriate non-intermittent steam-tight layer to prevent moisture penetration by water vapour diffusion. Paragraph 6 (2) also applies to insulation protection. Thermal insulation, provided with a metallic coating on the external surface, shall be provided at operating temperatures below + 15 ° C on all joints with still flexible adhesion against moisture diffusion with diffusion resistance μ > 7000.
(4) If the outer surface of the thermal insulation is not fitted with a parallel layer or a sealed rinsing, the thermal insulation shall be used with the diffusion resistance coefficient μ > 5000.
(5) Fibrous insulation is not used for manifolds with an operating temperature below + 15 ° C.
(6) The pipe assembly and the foam of polyurethane insulation shall always be carried out according to the technical regulation of the pipe manufacturer.
(7) Heat insulation shall be carried out in such a way that no cables, water pipes, etc. If it is necessary for a conductor to pass through the insulation, a separate passage shall be made in the thermal insulation, appropriately insulated and sealed against diffusion.
Methods for determining heat losses and gains in heat and cold distribution installations
(1) According to the purpose of measurement, the measurement methods are divided into laboratory and operational methods. Laboratory methods are used in laboratories where they are measured under precisely defined conditions with an accuracy of 5%. Under these conditions, measurements are reproducible for a given thermal insulation sample. The minimum number of samples of one type of insulation is three pieces and the heat conductivity is generally determined.
(2) The laboratory sample shall be identified and followed, recorded and reported in the report.
(a) dimensions with a precision of 0,1 mm;
(b) masses with an accuracy of 0,01 g;
(c) regularity of dimensions,
(d) the exact and complete name of the material;
(e) structure, colour and chemical composition,
(f) the manufacturer and the supplier of the sample;
(g) usability, temperature stability and resistance;
h) surface insulation temperature internal and external;
(i) the average ambient temperature at a distance of max. 1 m from the measuring instrument;
(j) time of measurement;
(k) the mean temperature of the measured sample;
(l) power consumption of the heating plate, parts of the measuring systems with an accuracy of 0,001 W.
(3) The laboratory methods used are in particular the plate method (Poensgen), the cylinder method (Van Rinsumova) and the ball method (Nusselt). Their description is given in Annex 4 and in Czech technical standards.
(4) Operating methods are used under operating conditions. For operating methods temperatures are not precisely defined and measurements depend on the measurement method options. Accuracy of measured values, i.e. heat flow or thermal conductivity is less than 5%. Operating methods verify thermal insulation properties primarily by thermal conductivity and heat losses. Verification of thermal insulation properties in operation is useful and necessary.
(5) The report from the operational measurement shall record:
(a) date, time and length of measurement;
(b) a technical description of the measuring equipment and the place of measurement;
(c) dimensions of the measured insulation, in particular diameter of pipes, composition and thickness of layers with an accuracy of 0,1 mm;
(d) the type of insulating material and its state;
(e) operating temperatures, ambient temperatures, climatic conditions.
(6) Operating methods include Schmidt, thermal and calorimetric methods. A description of the operating methods is given in Annex 5.
(7) Due to heat flow measurements are made
(a) at a steady flow of heat, in a period where the temperatures of the internal and external environments are not changed or the ambient air flow rate (stationary method);
(b) in the case of continuous heat flow, under controlled heating or cooling, while determining the time at which the other side of the insulated plate is heated or cooled. These are laboratory methods with higher accuracy and impossibility of determining the mean temperature (non-stationary method).
Efficacy
This decree shall take effect on the day of its publication.
Minister:
Doc.
Příloha č. 1
Annex No 1 to Decree No 151 / 2001 Coll.
Determination of energy efficiency for thermal energy distribution
| A) Účinnost užití z hlediska dopravy tepelné energie je určena vztahem: | |
| [-] | |
| kde | |
| l + m + n = 1 | [-] |
| B) Účinnost užití z hlediska tepelných ztrát je určena vztahem: | |
| [-] | |
| kde | |
| PN jmenovitý příkon čerpadla | [kW] |
| PSN příkon čerpadla při nižších než jmenovitých otáčkách | [kW] |
| QOD,i teplo odebrané i-tým odběrným místem | [GJ] |
| k počet pevně nastavitelných stupňů otáček, na které je čerpadlo provozováno | [-] |
| l poměrná část provozní doby čerpadla za otopné období, kdy čerpadlo nepracuje | [-] |
| m poměrná část provozní doby čerpadla za otopné období, kdy čerpadlo pracuje se jmenovitými otáčkami | [-] |
| n poměrná část provozní doby čerpadla za otopné období, kdy čerpadlo pracuje se sníženými otáčkami; u čerpadel s plynule proměnnými otáčkami se uvažuje n=0,5 | [-] |
Příloha č. 2
Annex No 2 to Decree No 151 / 2001 Coll.
Indicative heat output values of an uninsulated pipeline per 1m length
Table 1 Vertical distribution
| Vnitřní | Teplota vody v trubce [°C] | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Potrubí | výpočtová | 90 | 85 | 80 | 75 | 70 | 65 | 60 |
| teplota | Tepelný výkon neizolovaného potrubí | |||||||
| DN | °C | W/m | ||||||
| 10 | 20 | 45 | 40 | 35 | 30 | 30 | 25 | 20 |
| 15 | 20 | 60 | 50 | 45 | 40 | 35 | 30 | 30 |
| 20 | 20 | 70 | 65 | 60 | 50 | 45 | 40 | 35 |
| 25 | 20 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 65 | 55 | 50 | 40 |
| 32 | 20 | 110 | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 55 |
| 40 | 20 | 125 | 115 | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 |
| 50 | 20 | 150 | 140 | 120 | 110 | 100 | 85 | 75 |
Table 2 Horizontal distribution
| Vnitřní | Teplota vody v trubce [°C] | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Potrubí | výpočtová | 90 | 85 | 80 | 75 | 70 | 65 | 60 |
| teplota | Tepelný výkon neizolovaného potrubí | |||||||
| DN | ti [°C] | W/m | ||||||
| 10 | 20 | 35 | 30 | 30 | 25 | 25 | 20 | 15 |
| 15 | 20 | 45 | 40 | 35 | 30 | 30 | 25 | 20 |
| 20 | 20 | 55 | 50 | 45 | 40 | 35 | 30 | 25 |
| 25 | 20 | 70 | 60 | 55 | 50 | 45 | 40 | 30 |
| 32 | 20 | 85 | 75 | 70 | 60 | 55 | 50 | 40 |
| 40 | 20 | 95 | 85 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 55 | 50 |
| 50 | 20 | 115 | 105 | 90 | 85 | 75 | 65 | 55 |
Příloha č. 3
Annex No 3 to Decree No 151 / 2001 Coll.
Determination of heat transfer coefficient per unit of length
| [W/mK] | ||
| kde: k | součinitel prostupu tepla vztažený na jednotku délky | [W/mK] |
| D | vnitřní průměr trubky | [m] |
| d | vnější průměr trubky | [m] |
| diz | vnější průměr izolace | [m] |
| αiz | součinitel přestupu tepla na povrchu izolace | [W/m2K] |
| αi | součinitel přestupu tepla na vnitřní straně trubky | [W/m2K] |
| λiz | součinitel tepelné vodivosti tepelné izolace | [W/m.K] |
| λtr | součinitel tepelné vodivosti materiálu trubky | [W/mK] |
| te | teplota okolního vzduchu | [°C] |
| tiz | povrchová teplota tepelné izolace | [°C] |
| Součinitel přestupu tepla na vnitřní straně trubky se určí z odpovídajících kriteriálních rovnic respektujících rychlost proudění a další fyzikální veličiny a na vnější straně tepelné izolace se ještě respektuje sálavá složka. | ||
| kde: αiz,K | součinitel přestupu tepla na povrchu izolace konvekcí | [W/m2.K] |
| αiz,S | součinitel přestupu tepla na povrchu izolace sáláním | [W/m2.K] |
Příloha č. 4
Annex No 4 to Decree No 151 / 2001 Coll.
Laboratory methods for determining heat losses and profits in heat and cold distribution plants
(a) Table method (Poensgen)
The device is designed to verify the thermal conductivity of insulating samples of plane plates. The two same samples (dimensions, quality) shall be measured horizontally. Among them is a measuring plate, which has a compensation belt after square circumference. The measuring board is electrically heated and its thermal input is measured. The peripheral compensatory belts are also electrically heated to avoid marginal losses. The heating of the peripheral compensation passports is controlled for each side of the square plate so that the temperatures at the interface of the heating plate and the peripheral waist are the same. Under these assumptions, all heat passes through the upper and lower test samples into the cooling plates placed on both sides above and below the sample. The optimal thickness of the measured thermal insulation sample is 0.2 l, where l is the length of the measured plate side. For low thermal conductivity [λ < 0,03 W / m.K], the thickness of the samples varies in lower values and vice versa.
One sample measuring instruments are also applicable where the auxiliary heating plate is located instead of the other sample.
The applicable temperature range of this method is 0 to 300 ° C. The single board method is applicable to temperatures up to -200 ° C and these temperatures are achieved in a refrigerated plate.
b) Method of the cylinder (Van Rinsumova)
It is practically the only method used to verify the insulation of pipes with diameters 20 to 250 mm. An electrically heated tube (measuring section) of the above diameter has a temperature sensor on the surface. On the surface, the tube is equipped with measured insulation. The surface of the measured insulation is also equipped with sensors to read surface temperatures. At both ends of the measuring section are connected compensatory parts with regulated heating.
It can be assumed that the heat flow passes perpendicular to the pipe axis and that the losses of the edges are equal to zero. On the surface of the whole device is installed perforated foil with a distance from the surface which prevents unwanted flow around the surface. The surface temperature range ranges from 30 to 80 ° C and the internal temperature may be between 100 and several hundred ° C according to the design of the apparatus.
c) Ball method (Nusseltova)
It is designed for measuring the thermal conductivity of loose, loose fibrous, etc., materials. It is two concentrated balls where the inner sphere is supported in interspace by insulating material and electrically heated. By regulating the heating current the surface temperature of the inner sphere is controlled. The surface air flow is reduced. The ball is equipped with sensors to read the temperature. The diameter of the inner sphere is usually 150 mm and the outside 300 mm. The method is also applicable for deep temperatures up to -200 ° C.
Příloha č. 5
Annex No 5 to Decree No 151 / 2001 Coll.
Operating methods for determining heat losses and profits in heat and cold distribution installations
(a) Schmidt method
The rubber band is lined with a serial thermocouple measuring the temperature difference on the tape thickness of 2 mm. The belt is inserted into the waist 60 x 5 x 600 mm. The waist is attached to the measured surface through which the heat flow passes. It causes temperature changes on the inside and outside surface of the sealed tape and serial thermocouples multiplying the change signal voltage depending on the size of the heat flow. The constant of the passport C is obtained after the measurement of the waist. By multiplying the subtracted voltage on the terminal of the waist, we get the measured heat flow. Due to the calibration of the waist on the plane, the heat flow determined on the pipe is multiplied by the correction factor. Measurements require steady state, the surface protects against ambient air flow, the passport cannot be placed on a metal surface, additional passports are added to the waist from the sides and the measurement requires operator experience.
(b) Thermal treatment method
This method represents the method of measurement in which the surface of the insulated device is scanned by the thermal imaging camera. Thermal display of surface surfaces allows to record the distribution of the surface temperatures of the equipment and thus any defects of insulation that appear as thermal bridges. This method does not allow verification of the coefficient of thermal conductivity of thermal insulation.
The thermal method is suitable for a comprehensive assessment of the actual state of heat insulated distribution and energy equipment.
(c) Calorimetric method
The method based on the calorimetric equation allows to determine heat losses or gains on the section of the divorce. The measurement shall determine the temperature difference of the heat carrier and the flow rate. When using the supplier's heat invoicing meters and the total value of the input invoicing meters at customers, it is possible to estimate the heat losses of the entire network. However, the measured difference includes, in addition to the heat loss of the network and any inaccuracies of the measuring instruments, and often this method does not give credible results.
1) Paragraph 139b (1) and (3) of Act No. 50 / 1976 Coll., on Territorial Planning and Construction Regulations (Construction Act), as amended.
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Regulation Information
| Citation | Decree of the Ministry of Industry and Trade No. 151 / 2001 Coll., laying down details of the efficiency of energy use in the distribution of heat energy and internal distribution of heat energy |
|---|---|
| Regulation Type | Order |
| Author | - |
| Collection | Code of Laws |
| Date of Promulgation | 03.05.2001 |
|---|---|
| Effective from | 03.05.2001 |
| Effective until | - |
| Status | Valid |
The regulation text is for informational purposes only.
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